Abstract
The last two centuries or so have witnessed the huge success of the reductionist epistemology in modern science in the West. As a painful reflection, many Chinese scholars have attempted to explain how indigenous elements in the Chinese cultural beliefs impede similar advances (“自然辩证法通讯”杂志社; Communications on Dialectics of Nature 1983). However, the high power of modern science and technology also seems to have created an illusion of its omnipotence, whereas in fact it is not without its own pitfalls. In this article, I argue that while modern analytic science has been the engine that has driven new discoveries and inventions for more than two centuries, its shortfalls have also revealed themselves, particularly its inadequacy in accounting for complex, emergent, dynamic phenomena, such as real-time weather changes, complex bio-chemical processes, and social behaviors.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Akerlof, G. A., & Shiller, R. J. (2009). Animal spirits: How human psychology drives the economy, and why it matters for global capitalism Princeton. NJ: Princeton University Press.
Barabási, A.-L. (2003). Linked: How everything is connected to everything else and what it means for business, science, and everyday life. New York: Plume.
Berlekamp, E. R., & Wolfe, D. (1997). Mathematical go: Chilling gets the last point. Wellesley, MA: A K Peters.
Brainerd, C. J., & Reyna, V. F. (1990). Gist is the grist: Fuzzy-trace theory and the new intuitionism. Developmental Review, 10, 3–47.
Bruner, J. (1983). In search of mind: Essays in autobiography. New York: Harper & Row.
Clark, A. (1997). Being there: Putting brain, body, and world together again. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.
Communications on Dialectics of Nature. (1983). 科学传统与文化 (The scientific tradition and culture). Xi’an, Shanxi: 陕西科学技术出版社 (Shanxi Science and Technology Publishing).
Cornwell, J. E. (1995). Nature’s imagination: The frontiers of scientific vision. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
Dai, D. Y. (2005). Reductionism versus emergentism: A framework for understanding conceptions of giftedness. Roeper Review, 27(3), 144–151.
Dennett, D. (1987). The intentional stance. Cambridge, MA: Bradford Books/MIT Press.
Duncker, K. (1945). On problem solving. Psychological Monographs, 58(5), i.
Gottlieb, G. (1998). Normally occurring environmental and behavioral influences on gene activity: From central dogma to probabilistic epigenesis. Psychological Review, 105, 792–802.
He, Y. (2003). 天圆地方: 围棋文化文选 (A collection of essays on the game of Go). Beijing: 人民文学出版社 (People’s Literature Press).
Holton, G. (1981). Thematic presuppositions and the direction of the scientific advance. In A. F. Heath (Ed.), Scientific explanation (pp. 1–27). Oxford, UK: Clarendon Press.
Holyoak, K. J., & Thagard, P. (1995). Mental leaps: Analogy in creative thought. Cambridge: MA: The MIT Press.
Jin, G. H., Fan, H., & Liu, Q. (1983). 文化背景与科学技术结构的演变 (Cultural background and evolution of the scientific and technological structure). In NaturalDialectics (Ed.), 科学传统与文化 (The scientific tradition and culture) (pp. 1–81). Xi’an, Shanxi: 陕西科学技术出版社 (Shanxi Science and Technology Publishing).
Koch, S. (1992). The nature and limits of psychological knowledge: Lessons of a century qua “science”. In S. Koch & D. E. Leary (Eds.), A century of psychology as science (pp. 75–97). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
Kumar, M. (2010). Quantum: Einstein, Bohr, and the great debate about the nature of reality. New York: W. W. Norton & Company.
Lakoff, G., & Johnson, M. (1980). Metaphors we live by. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
Leung, A. K., Maddux, W. W., Galinsky, A. D., & Chiu, C. (2008). Multicultural experience enhances creativity: The when and how. American Psychologist, 63, 169–181.
Li, Z. (2008). 实用理性与乐感文化 (pragmatic rationality and pleasure-oriented culture). Beijing: 三联书店.
Liu, J. (1983). 民族性格: 一个可供思考的因素 [A cause of China’s backwardness in science and technology in modern times]. In NaturalDialectics (Ed.), 科学传统与文化 (The scientific tradition and culture) (pp. 189–208). Xi’an, Shanxi: 陕西科学技术出版社 (Shanxi Science and Technology Publishing).
Mao, J. (Ed.). (2005). 哲眼看中医:21世纪中医药科学问题专家访谈录 (Chinese medicine through a philosophical lense: Interviews with experts on Chinese medicine and pharmacology in the 21st century). Beijing: 北京科学技术出版社 (Beijing Science and Technology Publishing).
Masuda, T., & Nisbett, R. (2006). Culture and point of view. Cognitive Science, 30, 381–399.
Miller, A. I. (1996). Insights of genius: Imagery and creativity in science and art. New York: Springer.
Peng, K., & Nisbett, R. E. (1999). Culture, dialectics, and reasoning about contradiction. American Psychologist, 54, 741–754.
Pepper, S. C. (1942). World hypotheses. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
Polanyi, M. (1974). Personal knowledge: Towards post-critical philosophy. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Prigogine, I., & Stengers, I. (1984). Order out of chaos. New York: Bantom Books.
Reyna, V. F. (2008). A theory of medical decision making and health: fuzzy trace theory. Medical Decision Making, 28(6), 850–865.
Reyna, V. F., & Brainerd, C. J. (1995). Fuzzy-trace theory: An interim synthesis. Learning and Individual Differences, 7, 1–75.
Root-Bernstein, R., & Root-Bernstein, M. (1999). Sparks of genius: The 13 thinking tools of the world’s most creative people. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.
Schön, D. A. (1983). Reflective practitioner. New York: Basic Books.
Searle, J. R. (2004). Mind: A brief introduction. New York: Oxford University Press.
Shi, D. (2003). 弈理指归: 序 (A guide to principles of Go: Introduction). In Y. He (Ed.), 天圆地方: 围棋文化文选 (A collection of essays on the game of Go) (pp. 36–38). Beijing: 人民文学出版社 (People’s Literature Press).
Spiro, R. J., Coulson, R. L., Feltovich, P. J., & Anderson, D. K. (1988). Cognitive flexibility theory: Advanced knowledge acquisition in ill-structured domains. In Tenth Annual (Ed.), Conference of the cognitive science society (pp. 375–383). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
Strogatz, S. (2003). Sync: How order emerges from chaos in the universe, nature, and daily life. New York: Hyperion.
Wang, Q. (2005). 中医: 东方智慧之学 (Chinese medicine: A discipline of oriental wisdom). In J. Mao (Ed.), 哲眼看中医: 21 世纪中医药科学问题专家访谈录 (Chinese medicine through a philosophical lense: Interviews with experts on Chinese medicine and pharmacology in the 21st century) (pp. 147–155). Beijing: 北京科学技术出版社 (Beijing Science and Technology Publishing).
Wu, W. (1993). 数与棋 (Numbers and game). In T. Hu (Ed.), 黑白子道:名人围棋访谈录 (The way of black and white: Interviews with celebrities on Go) (pp. 179–191). Shanghai: 上海文化出版社 (Shanghai Culture Press).
Wu, Q. (2003). 忆木谷实先生 (A memoire of Mr. Minoru Kitani). In Y. He (Ed.), 天圆地方: 围棋文化文选 (A collection of essays on the game of Go) (pp. 57–64). Beijing: 人民文学出版社 (People’s Literature Press).
Yang, C-N. F. (2005). 和《易经》结合, 中医没有前途 (Chinese medicine would not have a future if associated with “Yi Jing”). In J. Mao (Ed.), 哲眼看中医: 21世纪中医药科学问题专家访谈录 [Chinese medicine through a philosophical lense: Interviews with experts on Chinese medicine and pharmacology in the 21st century] (pp. 201–202). Beijing: 北京科学技术出版社 (Beijing Science and Technology Publishing).
Yu, Y. (2009). “李约瑟问题” (The Needham question). 东方早报/上海书评 (Oriental Morning News/Shanghai Bood Review), March 1, 2009 (Sunday).
Yukawa, H. (1973). Creativity and intuition. Tokyo: Kodansha International.
Zhu, Q. (2005). 中医是复杂性科学 (Chinese medicine is a science of complexity). In J. Mao (Ed.), 哲眼看中医: 21 世纪中医药科学问题专家访谈录 (Chinese medicine through a philosophical lense: Interviews with experts on Chinese medicine and pharmacology in the 21st century) (pp. 3–14). Beijing: 北京科学技术出版社 (Beijing Science and Technology Publishing).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2015 Springer Science+Business Media Singapore
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Dai, D.Y. (2015). Indigenous Chinese Epistemologies as a Source of Creativity. In: Tan, AG., Perleth, C. (eds) Creativity, Culture, and Development. Creativity in the Twenty First Century. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-287-636-2_3
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-287-636-2_3
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-287-635-5
Online ISBN: 978-981-287-636-2
eBook Packages: Humanities, Social Sciences and LawEducation (R0)