Abstract
Previous studies have mentioned that ocean–atmosphere interaction over the Maritime Continent played a prominent role in determining climate and weather variability on the intraseasonal variation scale in Indonesia. One of them could be proven by the anomalously wet-dry season over Java Island, which was generated by the warming of sea surface temperatures (SST) in the Indonesian Sea. However, the mechanism of the ocean–atmosphere interaction in these local seas in generating weather disturbances such as thunderstorms was still poorly understood. This study investigates the ocean–atmosphere interaction in the southern seas of Indonesia in inducing storms during the anomalously wet-dry season episodes. Here, we explored satellite and reanalysis datasets, including ocean and atmosphere variables in sub-daily time resolution and various spatial resolutions, i.e., 0.25°, 0.083° and 0.1° derived from The European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecast (ECMWF) reanalysis 5th Generation (ERA5), Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service (CMEMS), and Global Satellite Mapping of Precipitation (GSMaP), respectively. Those variables were investigated over the Southeast Tropical Indian Ocean (SETIO) during the early dry season of May–June 2021. Our finding described that during these episodes, the increase of rainfall over southwestern Indonesia did not correspond to the position of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) and might have been influenced by air-sea interaction over a regional scale. We also confirmed that storm activities over southwestern Indonesia were associated with strengthening sea surface current (SSC) along the west coast of Sumatra and forming eddies in the southern Java Sea. We also noticed that variability in both SSC and SST in the southern Java Sea, which occurred on a sub-daily scale, may influence a dynamic weather pattern over southwestern Indonesia.
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Acknowledgements
This research has been supported by the National Research and Innovation Agency under the Cruise Day Facilitation Program with grant number 376/II/FR/3/2022.
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Perdani, N.N. et al. (2023). Air-Sea Interaction Over Southeast Tropical Indian Ocean (SETIO) During Storm Intensification Episodes in the Early Dry Season Period. In: Basit, A., et al. Proceedings of the International Conference on Radioscience, Equatorial Atmospheric Science and Environment and Humanosphere Science. INCREASE 2022. Springer Proceedings in Physics, vol 290. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-9768-6_46
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-9768-6_46
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