Abstract
Numerous natural polymers such as chitosan, cyclodextrins, arginine and their derivatives, hyaluronic acid, polyglycolic acid, polylactic acid, and polysaccharides have been explored by the material and pharmaceutical scientists to the larger extent for the development of drug delivery systems. Investigations on glucomannan and xyloglucan are also in progress. Konjac glucomannan and polysaccharide of Bletilla striata are the two glucomannan polymers that are derived from plants. They are used as thickening agents, film formers, and gelling agent and have mucoadhesive property. Moreover, they are non-carcinogenic and biocompatible and have high drug loading capacity and high water solubility. Due to number of benefits offered by them, these are widely used in the development of different formulations like nasal spray, microparticles, nanoparticles, hydrogel, and micelles either alone or in combination with other polymers. The researchers have demonstrated that the lung targeting property of glucomannan is due to the presence of mannose units. Mannose group has been found to improve the interaction between polymer and macrophages. This affinity could be advantageous in the treatment of diseases involving alveolar macrophages, such as tuberculosis, or in vaccination strategies. Xyloglucan is made up of cellulose like backbone and contains xylon and galactosyl-xylose units. This provides mucin-like structure that imparts mucoadhesive properties and acts as a barrier against pathogens. This could be favorable for the sustained release of drug in case of pulmonary delivery. This chapter will comprise the sources, physicochemical properties, extraction, and derivatization of these polymers along with their utilization in various formulations for respiratory drug delivery system.
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Joshi, M., Sapra, B. (2023). Emergence of Glucomannan and Xyloglucan for Respirable Delivery. In: Dureja, H., Adams, J., Löbenberg, R., Andreoli Pinto, T.d.J., Dua, K. (eds) Natural Polymeric Materials based Drug Delivery Systems in Lung Diseases. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-7656-8_9
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