Abstract
Sesame is an ancient oilseed crop and is widely cultivated in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world. It is well known for its high-quality nutritional seeds with abundant fatty acids (~55%), proteins (~20%), various vitamins and minerals, and natural antioxidants, such as sesamin, sesamolin, and tocopherols. Sesame is consumed directly as the edible seed and oil and applied for nutrition and medicine industry as the functional food and nutraceuticals because of its antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, hypolipidemic, cardioprotective, neuroprotective, and anticarcinogenic effects. In the past four decades, a great deal of new sesame varieties with high-yield potential and elite agronomic traits including the high resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses and the high content of seed nutrients were bred through high-efficient breeding techniques and released for sesame industry. Achievement of the Sesame Genome Project with huge amount of sesame genomic data impedes the rapid development of genomics and molecular genetics research in sesame. As a result, a list of invaluable genetic resources, including molecular makers, genetic maps, quantitative trait loci (QTLs), and functional genes, were detected to decipher the genetic basis of the especially nutrition-related traits and improve the molecular breeding strategies for sesame. We herein summarize the available information about sesame nutraceutomics and molecular breeding research. We systematically introduced the technological progresses mainly in new germplasm creation, highly efficient marker-assisted breeding, and genetic transformation for sesame and forecasted the development of sesame nutrition mechanism studies so as to meet the consumer’s demands.
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Acknowledgments
This work was financially supported by the China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA (CARS-14), the Key Project of Science and Technology of Henan province (201300110600), the Key Research and Development Project of Henan Province (221111520400), and the Science and Technology Research Project of Henan Province (222102110081), the Zhongyuan Science and Technology Innovation Leading Talent Plan (214200510020), the Henan Province Specific Professor Position Program (SPPP2020), the Zhongyuan Scientist Workshop Construction (214400510026), and the Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars from Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences (2022JQ01).
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Duan, Y., Miao, H., Ju, M., Li, C., Cao, H., Zhang, H. (2023). Nutraceutomics of the Ancient Oilseed Crop Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.). In: Kole, C. (eds) Compendium of Crop Genome Designing for Nutraceuticals. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-3627-2_17-1
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