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Lignocellulosic Waste Management Through Cultivation of Certain Commercially Useful and Medicinal Mushrooms: Recent Scenario

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Biology, Cultivation and Applications of Mushrooms

Abstract

Huge amounts of lignocellulosic wastes which are annually generated worldwide in various sectors (agricultural, forestry, and food industries) are rich in organic compounds and are worthy of being recovered and transformed. The lignocellulosic wastes constitute a major portion of the total carbon that is fixed by photosynthesis. They are the most abundantly available raw materials on the earth and are chiefly composed of carbohydrate polymers like cellulose, hemicelluloses, and lignin. Only a fraction of the total waste is utilized for useful applications, whereas the bulk is left unused, as it may incur disposal cost or it is burnt, which results in the emission of black carbon that causes environmental problems. Therefore, efforts are being made for the conversion of these lignocellulosic wastes into profitable products by using microbial technology. Mushroom cultivation represents an expanded and economically important biotechnological industry in which lignocellulosic waste residues are converted into protein-rich food through solid-state-fermentation process. It is an ecofriendly activity, which in recent years has gained lot of importance due to the increasing global demand for high quality proteins, vitamins, and minerals. Mushrooms are probably the highest protein producers per unit area and time as they have short life cycles and utilize vertical space.

Therefore, production of lignocellulosic mushrooms need to be popularized so that bulk of the lignocellulosic wastes can be utilized. The most important lignocellulosic mushrooms include Agaricus bisporus (button mushroom), Pleurotus spp. (oyster mushroom), Calocybe indica (milky mushroom), Ganoderma lucidum (reishi mushroom), Auricularia (wood ear mushroom), Lentinula edodes (shiitake), and many more. This review is based on the growth behavior and productive potential of various commercially and medicinally important lignocellulosic mushrooms on various lignocellulosic substrates.

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Abbreviations

BE:

Biological efficiency

EJ:

Exa-joules

GHG:

Green house gases

LW:

Lignocellulosic wastes

Mt:

Metric ton

SB:

Sugarcane bagasse

t:

ton

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Botany, University of Jammu, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India

    S. P. Pourush Shrikhandia, Sapna Devi & Geeta Sumbali

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  1. S. P. Pourush Shrikhandia
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  2. Sapna Devi
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  1. Department of Environmental Studies, Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, India

    Arun Arya

  2. Mycological Laboratory, Institute of Biology, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, Skopje, North Macedonia

    Katerina Rusevska

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Shrikhandia, S.P.P., Devi, S., Sumbali, G. (2022). Lignocellulosic Waste Management Through Cultivation of Certain Commercially Useful and Medicinal Mushrooms: Recent Scenario. In: Arya, A., Rusevska, K. (eds) Biology, Cultivation and Applications of Mushrooms . Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-6257-7_18

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