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Strain Improvement of Microbes

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Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology

Abstract

Strain improvement is an advanced biotechnological strategy where various cellular pathways are modified by recombinant DNA technology to improve the yield of metabolic products that are beneficial to humanity. Strain improvements are directed toward improving product quality and yield by enhancing substrate utilization, regulating enzyme activity, resistance to phage infection, etc. The primary genetic routes to strain improvement include (1) mutagenesis for the creation of genetic variants, (2) screening to select improved strains, (3) identification of improved strains, and (4) mass culture optimization of operational and cellular responses and downstream processing. This chapter details the various strain improvement strategies and the respective computational and biotechnological methods that are used.

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Abbreviations

asRNA:

Antisense RNA

BWA:

Burrows-Wheeler Aligner

CCDS:

Consensus Coding Sequence

cDNA:

Complementary DNA

CRISPR:

Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats

DDBJ:

DNA Data Bank of Japan

EMBL:

European Molecular Biology Laboratory

EMS:

Ethyl methanesulfonate

EST:

Expressed Sequence Tags

ExPASy:

Expert Protein Analysis System

GATK:

Genome Analysis Toolkit

GI:

GenInfo

GO:

Gene Ontology

GSS:

Genome Survey Sequences

HA:

Hydroxylamine

HTGS:

High-Throughput Genomic Sequence

indels:

Insertions/deletions

MALDI-ToF:

Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight spectroscopy

MMS:

Methyl methanesulfonate

MPSS:

Massive parallel signature sequencing

NGS:

Next-generation sequencing

NTG:

Nitrosoguanidine

PRIDE:

PRoteomics IDEntifications

RDT:

Recombinant DNA technology

RefSeq:

Reference sequences

RISC:

RNA-induced silencing complex

RNAi:

RNA interference

siRNAs:

Small interfering RNAs

SNPs:

Single-nucleotide polymorphisms

STS:

Sequence-Tagged Sites

SVs:

Structural variants

TALENs:

Transcription activator-like effector nucleases

UV:

Ultraviolet

ZFN:

Zinc finger nucleases

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported in part by SERB Core Research Grant, EMR/2016/003705 (SD), and MoE-STARS/STARS-1/ 643 (SD). AK is supported by a Junior Research Fellowship from CSIR, Government of India.

Conflicts of Interest

The authors do not have any conflict of interest to declare.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Protein Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, India

    Aditi Konar & Supratim Datta

  2. Center for the Advanced Functional Materials, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, India

    Supratim Datta

  3. Center for the Climate and Environmental Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, India

    Supratim Datta

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  1. Aditi Konar
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Correspondence to Supratim Datta .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Bioprocess and Bioenergy Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India

    Pradeep Verma

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Konar, A., Datta, S. (2022). Strain Improvement of Microbes. In: Verma, P. (eds) Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5214-1_6

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