Skip to main content

Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy: Management of Complications

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Practical Management of Urinary Stone

Abstract

Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL), the pivotal technique for treating larger renal stones, has seen major advancements and acceptance globally in the past decade. Data from numerous largescale studies across several continents have provided a better understanding of complications associated with PCNL. The Modified Clavien-Dindo grading system is useful in analysing the severity of complications for comparative purposes. Common complications associated with PCNL are summarized in Information Box 18.1 and discussed for a clearer understanding of their management.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 159.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Tyson MD 2nd, Humphreys MR. Postoperative complications after percutaneous nephrolithotomy: a contemporary analysis by insurance status in the United States. J Endourol. 2014 Mar;28(3):291–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Olvera-Posada D, Tailly T, Alenezi H, Violette PD, Nott L, Denstedt JD, et al. Risk factors for postoperative complications of percutaneous nephrolithotomy at a tertiary referral center. J Urol. 2015 Dec;194(6):1646–51.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Bootsma AMJ, Laguna Pes MP, Geerlings SE, Goossens A. Antibiotic prophylaxis in urologic procedures: a systematic review. Eur Urol. 2008 Dec;54(6):1270–86.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Lai WS, Assimos D. Factors associated with postoperative infection after percutaneous nephrolithotomy. Rev Urol. 2018;20(1):7–11.

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  5. Kamphuis GM, Baard J, Westendarp M, de la Rosette JJMCH. Lessons learned from the CROES percutaneous nephrolithotomy global study. World J Urol. 2015 Feb;33(2):223–33.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Viprakasit DP, Sawyer MD, Herrell SD, Miller NL. Changing composition of staghorn calculi. J Urol [Internet]. 2011;186(6):2285–2290.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Türk C, Petřík A, Sarica K, Seitz C, Skolarikos A, Straub M, et al. EAU guidelines on diagnosis and conservative management of urolithiasis. Eur Urol. 2016 Mar;69(3):468–74.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Wu C, Hua L-X, Zhang J-Z, Zhou X-R, Zhong W, Ni H-D. Comparison of renal pelvic pressure and postoperative fever incidence between standard- and mini-tract percutaneous nephrolithotomy. Kaohsiung J Med Sci. 2017 Jan;33(1):36–43.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Michel MS, Trojan L, Rassweiler JJ. Complications in Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy. Eur Urol [Internet]. 2007;51(4):899–906.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Sacha K, Szewczyk W, Bar K. Massive haemorrhage presenting as a complication after percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). Int Urol Nephrol [Internet]. 1996;28(3):315–8.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Yamaguchi A, Skolarikos A, Buchholz N-PN, Chomón GB, Grasso M, Saba P, et al. Operating times and bleeding complications in percutaneous nephrolithotomy: a comparison of tract dilation methods in 5,537 patients in the Clinical Research Office of the Endourological Society Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy Global Study. J Endourol. 2011 Jun;25(6):933–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Bansal A, Arora A. A double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy of tranexamic acid in irrigant solution on blood loss during percutaneous nephrolithotomy: a pilot study from tertiary care center of North India. World J Urol. 2017 Aug;35(8):1233–40.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Güneyli S, Gök M, Bozkaya H, Çınar C, Tizro A, Korkmaz M, et al. Endovascular management of iatrogenic renal arterial lesions and clinical outcomes. Diagn Interv Radiol [Internet]. 2015;21(3):229–234.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Maheshwari PN, Mane DA, Pathak AB. Management of pleural injury after percutaneous renal surgery. J Endourol. 2009 Oct;23(10):1769–72.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Zengin K, Tanik S, Karakoyunlu N, Sener NC, Albayrak S, Tuygun C, et al. Retrograde intrarenal surgery versus percutaneous lithotripsy to treat renal stones 2–3 cm in diameter. Thamilselvan S, editor. Biomed Res Int [Internet]. 2015;2015:914231.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Balasar M, Kandemir A, Poyraz N, Unal Y, Ozturk A. Incidence of retrorenal colon during percutaneous nephrolithotomy. Int Braz J Urol [Internet]. 2015;41(2):274–278.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Öztürk H. Treatment of colonic injury during percutaneous nephrolithotomy. Rev Urol [Internet]. 2015;17(3):194–201.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Liu L, Zheng S, Xu Y, Wei Q. Systematic review and meta-analysis of percutaneous nephrolithotomy for patients in the supine versus prone position. J Endourol. 2010 Dec;24(12):1941–6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Mourmouris P, Berdempes M, Markopoulos T, Lazarou L, Tzelves L, Skolarikos A. Patient positioning during percutaneous nephrolithotomy: what is the current best practice? Res reports Urol [Internet]. 2018 Oct 30;10:189–93.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Astroza G, Lipkin M, Neisius A, Preminger G, De Sio M, Sodha H, et al. Effect of supine vs prone position on outcomes of percutaneous nephrolithotomy in staghorn calculi: results from the Clinical Research Office of the Endourology Society Study. Urology. 2013 Dec;82(6):1240–4.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Andonian S, Scoffone CM, Louie MK, Gross AJ, Grabe M, Daels FPJ, et al. Does imaging modality used for percutaneous renal access make a difference? A matched case analysis. J Endourol [Internet]. 2012 Jul 26;27(1):24–8.

    Google Scholar 

  22. Opondo D, Tefekli A, Esen T, Labate G, Sangam K, De Lisa A, et al. Impact of case volumes on the outcomes of percutaneous nephrolithotomy. Eur Urol [Internet]. 2012;62(6):1181–1187.

    Google Scholar 

  23. Okeke Z, Smith AD, Labate G, D’Addessi A, Venkatesh R, Assimos D, et al. Prospective comparison of outcomes of percutaneous nephrolithotomy in elderly patients versus younger patients. J Endourol. 2012 Aug;26(8):996–1001.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Fuller A, Razvi H, Denstedt JD, Nott L, Pearle M, Cauda F, et al. The CROES percutaneous nephrolithotomy global study: the influence of body mass index on outcome. J Urol. 2012 Jul;188(1):138–44.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Sairam K, Scoffone CM, Alken P, Turna B, Sodha HS, Rioja J, et al. Percutaneous nephrolithotomy and chronic kidney disease: results from the CROES PCNL Global Study. J Urol. 2012 Oct;188(4):1195–200.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Armitage JN, Withington J, Fowler S, Finch WJG, Burgess NA, Irving SO, et al. Percutaneous nephrolithotomy access by urologist or interventional radiologist: practice and outcomes in the UK. BJU Int. 2017 Jun;119(6):913–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

Ramith Fonseka (rfonseka97@gmail.com): Illustrations.

Nithesh Ranasinha (nithesh.ranasinha@gmail.com): Formatting and editing.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2021 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Chandrasekera, S. (2021). Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy: Management of Complications. In: Ng, A.C.F., Wong, M.Y., Isotani, S. (eds) Practical Management of Urinary Stone. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-4193-0_18

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-4193-0_18

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore

  • Print ISBN: 978-981-16-4192-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-981-16-4193-0

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics