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Regional–Local Hybrid Seismic Hazard and Disaster Modeling of the Five Tectonic Province Ensemble Consisting of Westcentral Himalaya to Northeast India

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Latest Developments in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

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Abstract

Seismic risk map of the Indian subcontinent presented here places the tectonic ensemble of Westcentral Himalaya, Indo-Gangetic Foredeep, Bengal Basin, Darjeeling-Sikkim Himalaya to Northeast India including Bhutan in ‘High’ to ‘Severe’ Risk, thus rendering it a model case study for site-specific seismic hazard study based on an enriched surface and in-situ downhole geotechnical and geophysical database with a new regional fifth degree nonlinear power law polynomial combining shear wave velocity with geology, geomorphology, landform and topography, a set of new lithology-based depth-dependent SPT-N value derived/in-situ downhole seismic measurement yielded shear wave velocity categorizing the region into Site Classes E, D4, D3, D2, D1, C4, C3, C2, C1, B and A with spectral amplifications of 5.8, 4.8, 4.2, 3.9, 3.3, 2.58, 2.2, 1.87, 1.81, 1.3 and 1.0, respectively, at the predominant frequency varying between 1.41 and 8.5 Hz as envisaged through nonlinear soil–structure interaction modeling which is seen to influence the surface consistent PGA and PSA significantly with multifold enhanced design response spectra of the region and also brought in focus the issues of induced seismic catastrophe in terms of liquefaction hazard evidenced in the city of Amritsar, Agra, Kolkata, Dhaka, Guwahati, and landslide in Gangtok presented here. In order to understand the implications of this seismic hazard its impact is quantified through SELENA-based building damage and casualty assessment in the city of Amritsar, Kolkata, Dhaka, Gangtok and Guwahati, thus providing a unique seismic hazard–disaster model to be put in place for pre-disaster preparedness through updated urban bye-laws and post-disaster mitigation.

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Acknowledgments

This work is supported partially by the Geosciences/ Seismology Division of the Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India through the Projects: CS/EHRA/5/2013 and MoES/P.O. (Seismo)/1(60)/2009. The critical review and constructive suggestions of the anonymous reviewers greatly helped in bringing the manuscript to its present shape with enhanced scientific and technical exposition.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Geology and Geophysics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India

    Sankar Kumar Nath, Chitralekha Ghatak, Arnab Sengupta, Arpita Biswas, Jyothula Madan & Anand Srivastava

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  1. Sankar Kumar Nath
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  2. Chitralekha Ghatak
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Correspondence to Sankar Kumar Nath .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India

    T.G. Sitharam

  2. Department of Earthquake Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India

    Ravi Jakka

  3. Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Mangalore, Karnataka, India

    Sreevalsa Kolathayar

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Nath, S.K., Ghatak, C., Sengupta, A., Biswas, A., Madan, J., Srivastava, A. (2021). Regional–Local Hybrid Seismic Hazard and Disaster Modeling of the Five Tectonic Province Ensemble Consisting of Westcentral Himalaya to Northeast India. In: Sitharam, T., Jakka, R., Kolathayar, S. (eds) Latest Developments in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics. Springer Transactions in Civil and Environmental Engineering. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-1468-2_14

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-1468-2_14

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