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Long Noncoding RNA Acting as Therapeutic Target for Oxidative Stress-Induced Pancreatic Cancer

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Handbook of Oxidative Stress in Cancer: Therapeutic Aspects

Abstract

Pancreatic cancer (PanCa) is a systemic disease with both locally advanced and malignant neoplastic phenotypes and has a poor prognosis. Among all sorts of PanCa, exocrine cancers account for approximately 95%, with Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC) ranking fourth in terms of cancer mortality in the United States. Due to its increasing incidence, it is appraised to become the second leading cause of cancer by 2030. PDAC has a 5-year survival rate of 8%. PanCa, rightly known to be the “King of Cancer,” has mortality/incidence ratio of 98% due to lack of therapeutic advancement. PDAC and its associated hypoxic microenvironment play a major role in the formation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), which is highly expressed in 88% of PanCa tissues. Among the several noncoding RNAs, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are more promising due to their role as effector molecules. lncRNAs were initially considered to be “transcriptional noise” or “garbage” of encoding genes but later found to have crucial roles in transcriptional regulation. lncRNAs play a dual role as tumor suppressive and oncogenic. lncRNAs hold strong promise as novel therapeutic biomarkers due to their oxidative stress (OS)-modulating capacity with regard to ROS generation, as observed in SLC7A11-AS1 and NUTF2P3-001. Knockout of lncRNA by RNAi or siRNA plays a promising role in increasing the OS in cancer cells leading to cell death. In this chapter, we have documented the emerging functions and association of lncRNAs in PanCa-associated OS and their potential implications in cancer diagnosis and therapy.

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Abbreviations

AFAP1-AS1:

Actin filament-associated protein 1 antisense RNA

ARE:

Antioxidant response element

ATB:

Activated by TGF-β

CAFHA:

Cancer-associated fibroblasts

ceRNA:

Competitive endogenous RNA

CP:

Chronic pancreatitis

DLEU2:

Deleted in lymphocytic leukemia 2

elncRNA:

Enhancer lncRNAs

EMT:

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition

eRNAs:

Enhancer-associated lncRNAs

ESCC:

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

GAS5:

Growth arrest-specific 5

gsRNAs:

Gene body-associated lncRNAs

HAND2-AS1-lncRNA:

Heart and neural crest derivatives expressed transcript 2 antisense RNA 1

HMGB1:

High mobility group box 1

HOTAIR:

HOX transcript antisense RNA

HOTTIP:

HOXA transcript at the distal tip

HRE:

Hypoxia response elements

HULC:

Highly upregulated in liver cancer

IPMN:

Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm

lincRNA:

Intervening lncRNA

lncRNA:

Long noncoding RNA

MALAT1:

Metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1

MCN:

Mucinous cystic neoplasm

MLL1:

Mixed lineage leukemia 1

NADPH:

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate

Nrf2:

Nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2

OS:

Oxidative stress

OXPHOS:

Oxidative phosphorylation

PanCa:

Pancreatic cancer

PANIN:

Pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia

PCEB1B-AS1:

PC-esterase domain containing 1B antisense RNA 1

PCRC2:

Polycomb repressive complex 2

PDAC:

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

pRNAs:

Promoter-associated lncRNAs

PVT1:

Plasmacytoma variant translocation 1

ROR:

Regulator of reprogramming

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

SNHG15:

Small nucleolar RNA host gene 15

SNHG16:

Small nucleolar RNA host gene 16

TUG1:

Taurine upregulated 1

UCA1:

Urothelial cancer-associated 1

VDAC1:

Voltage-dependent anion channel type 1

XIST:

X-inactive-specific transcript

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Human Genetics Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India

    Nilabja Sikdar, Akash Bararia & Ashmita Dutta

  2. Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Tata Medical Center, Kolkata, West Bengal, India

    Sudeep Banerjee

Authors
  1. Nilabja Sikdar
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  2. Akash Bararia
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  3. Ashmita Dutta
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  4. Sudeep Banerjee
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Nilabja Sikdar .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Dept Biochem & Biophysics, C-Block, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal, India

    Sajal Chakraborti

Section Editor information

  1. CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, West Bengal, India

    Suvendranath Bhattacharyya

  2. Dept of Toxicology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia

    Aleksandra Buha Dordevic

  3. Human Genetics Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India

    Nilabja Sikdar

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Sikdar, N., Bararia, A., Dutta, A., Banerjee, S. (2022). Long Noncoding RNA Acting as Therapeutic Target for Oxidative Stress-Induced Pancreatic Cancer. In: Chakraborti, S. (eds) Handbook of Oxidative Stress in Cancer: Therapeutic Aspects. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-1247-3_77-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-1247-3_77-1

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