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Probiotics, Bacterial Lysates, and Proton Pump Inhibitors

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Chronic Rhinosinusitis

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Abstract

Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a disorder of the nose and paranasal sinuses characterized by chronic inflammation of over 12 weeks. According to the European Position Paper on Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyps (EPOS) 2012, CRS presents with at least two of the following symptoms: nasal obstruction, nasal discharge, facial pain or pressure, and reduction or loss of smell [1]. These symptoms, if existing for over 12 weeks without complete anesis, may be used to distinguish CRS from acute sinusitis. Epidemiological surveys show that CRS, as one of the most prevalent chronic diseases worldwide, attacks approximately 8% of Chinese [2] and 4.5–12% of North Americans and Europeans [3]. CRS patients often display bad mood, fatigue, and decline in sleep, productivity, and cognition, all worsening their quality of life.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China

    Luping Zhu

  2. Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Clinical Allergy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China

    Lei Cheng

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  1. Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Beijing, China

    Luo Zhang

  2. Department of Otolaryngology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium

    Claus Bachert

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Zhu, L., Cheng, L. (2022). Probiotics, Bacterial Lysates, and Proton Pump Inhibitors. In: Zhang, L., Bachert, C. (eds) Chronic Rhinosinusitis. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0784-4_45

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