Skip to main content

Channel Model

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Advanced Spatial Modulation Systems

Part of the book series: Signals and Communication Technology ((SCT))

Abstract

In this chapter, the channel models required for various forms of communication are described along with justification of the particular model being used for the particular application. The probability density functions (PDF) and cumulative distribution functions (CDF) of the various channels are also derived which will be used in the subsequent chapters for performance analysis.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. M. Cheffena, M. Mohamed, The application of lognormal mixture shadowing model for B2B channels. IEEE Sensors Lett. 2(3), 1–4 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. S. Buyukcorak, M. Vural, G.K. Kurt, Lognormal mixture shadowing. IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol. 64(10), 4386–4398 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. A. Bhowal, R.S. Kshetrimayum, Performance analysis of one- and two-way relays for underwater optical wireless communications. OSA Contin. 1(4), 1400–1413 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. W.O. Popoola, Z. Ghassemlooy, BPSK subcarrier intensity modulated free-space optical communications in atmospheric turbulence. J. Lightwave Technol. 27(8), 967–973 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. I.S. Ansari, F. Yilmaz, M.S. Alouini, Performance analysis of free-space optical links over Malaga (\(\cal{M} \)) turbulence channels with pointing errors. IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun. 15(1), 91–102 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. L.C. Andrews, R.L. Phillips, C.Y. Hopen, Laser Beam Scintillation With Applications (SPIE, Bellingham, WA, 2001)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  7. M.R. Bhatnagar, A one bit feedback based beam forming scheme for FSO MISO system over gamma-gamma fading. IEEE Trans. Commun. 63(4), 1306–1318 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. A. Jaiswal, M.R. Bhatnagar, V.K. Jain, Performance evaluation of space shift keying in free-space optical communication. IEEE/OSA J. Opt. Commun. Netw. 9(2), 149–160 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. A. Jaiswal, M.R. Bhatnagar, V.K. Jain, Ber analysis of optical space shift keying in atmospheric turbulence environment, in 10th International Symposium on Communication Systems. Networks and Digital Signal Processing (CSNDSP), pp. 1–6 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  10. I. Gradshteyn, Table of Integrals, Series and Products. Academic Press, New York, NY, USA. ISBN 978-0-12-294760-5

    Google Scholar 

  11. A. Prudnikov, Integrals and Series: Special Functions, Additional Chapters. Fizmatlit Press, Moscow, Russia. ISBN 978-2881246821

    Google Scholar 

  12. A.A. Farid, S. Hranilovic, Outage capacity optimization for free-space optical links with pointing errors. J. Lightwave Technol. 25(7), 1702–1710 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. W. Gappmair, M. Flohberger, Error performance of coded FSO links in turbulent atmosphere modeled by gamma-gamma distributions. IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun. 8(5), 2209–2213 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. M.V. Jamali, J.A. Salehi, F. Akhoundi, Performance studies of underwater wireless optical communication systems with spatial diversity: MIMO scheme. IEEE Trans. Commun. 65(3), 1176–1192 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. A.C. Boucouvalas, K.P. Peppas, K. Yiannopoulos, Z. Ghassemlooy, Underwater optical wireless communications with optical amplification and spatial diversity. IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 28(22), 2613–2616 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. J. Liu, Y. Dong, On capacity of underwater optical wireless links under weak oceanic turbulence, in OCEANS 2016 - Shanghai, April 2016, pp. 1–4

    Google Scholar 

  17. A. Huang, L. Tao, Q. Jiang, BER performance of underwater optical wireless MIMO communications with spatial modulation under weak turbulence, in 2018 OCEANS - MTS/IEEE Kobe Techno-Oceans (OTO), May 2018, pp. 1–5

    Google Scholar 

  18. M. Usman, H. Yang, M. Alouini, Practical switching-based hybrid fso/rf transmission and its performance analysis. IEEE Photonics J. 6(5), 1–13 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. K.A.N. Alhamawi, E.S. Altubaishi, Capacity analysis of amplify-and-forward based dual-hop free space optical communication system with backup RF link, in 2016 12th International Conference on Innovations in Information Technology (IIT), November 2016, pp. 1–5

    Google Scholar 

  20. L. Kong, W. Xu, L. Hanzo, H. Zhang, C. Zhao, Performance of a free-space-optical relay-assisted hybrid RF/FSO system in generalized \(m\)-distributed channels. IEEE Photonics J. 7(5), 1–19 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. A. Agrawal, R.S. Kshetrimayum, Analysis of UWB communication over IEEE 802.15.3a channel by superseding lognormal shadowing by mixture of gamma distributions. Int. J. Electron. Commun. 1795–1799 (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  22. R. Cogliatti, R.A.A. de Souza, M.D. Yacoub, Practical, highly efficient algorithm for generating \(\kappa -\mu \) and \(\eta -\mu \) variates and a near-100% efficient algorithm for generating \(\alpha -\mu \) variates. IEEE Commun. Lett. 16(11), 1768–1771 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Anirban Bhowal .

2.7 Appendix

2.7 Appendix

Code to Generate the 5-MG Distribution Channel Coefficients

figure e
figure f

E Step Function Code

figure g

M Step Function Code

figure h

Function Code to Calculate Loglikelihood Function

figure i

Function Code to Evaluate PDF of the Gamma Distribution

figure j

Function Code to Evaluate PDF of the 5-MG Distribution

figure k

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2021 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Bhowal, A., Kshetrimayum, R.S. (2021). Channel Model. In: Advanced Spatial Modulation Systems. Signals and Communication Technology. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-9960-6_2

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-9960-6_2

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore

  • Print ISBN: 978-981-15-9959-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-981-15-9960-6

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics