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Genetic Engineering for Enhancement of Biofuel Production in Microalgae

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Biorefineries: A Step Towards Renewable and Clean Energy

Part of the book series: Clean Energy Production Technologies ((CEPT))

Abstract

In recent decades, there has been a tremendous increase in fuel requirement all around the world. This has caused severe exploitation of conventional fuel resources leading to subsequent increase in the level of pollution owing to their consumption. There is a growing concern regarding exploration of alternate, safe sources of energy. Since the time immemorial, algae are known for producing a vast array of useful products, which has benefited the mankind. Algae also harbor high amount of biomolecules such as lipids and carbohydrates, which can be converted into biofuels. Therefore, algal biofuels have gained tremendous attention in past few years and several technologies related to algal biofuels have been developed. The major drawback in this area is the limited potential of algae to synthesize biomolecules to be converted into biofuels. Since, the demand of biofuels is very high and production is very low, therefore, genetic engineering technologies were explored to increase the yield of biofuels. In this chapter, we have discussed different types of biofuels produced from microalgae and recent genetic engineering-based studies employed for sustainable biofuel production.

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Abbreviations

ACCase:

Acetyl-CoA carboxylase

ACP:

Acyl carrier protein

BOD:

Biological oxygen demand

COD:

Chemical oxygen demand

DAG:

Diacylglycerol

DGAT:

Diacylglycerol acyltransferase

DHAP:

Dihydroxy acetone phosphate

FAs:

Fatty acids

G3P:

Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate

GEMs:

Genome-scale metabolic models

GPAT:

Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase

LPA:

Lysophosphatidic acid

LPAAT:

Lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase

PA:

Phosphatidic acid

PAP:

Phosphatidic acid phosphohydrolase

PDK:

Pyruvate carboxylase kinase

RuBisCO:

Ribulose biphosphate carboxylase

SHF:

Separate hydrolysis and fermentation

SSF:

Synchronous saccharification and fermentation

TAGs:

Triacylglycerols

TAGs:

Triglycerides

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Competing Interests

All the authors declare that they have no competing interests.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Biotechnology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Venkatesh Chaturvedi

  2. Bioprocess and Bioenergy Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India

    Rahul Kumar Goswami & Pradeep Verma

Authors
  1. Venkatesh Chaturvedi
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  2. Rahul Kumar Goswami
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  3. Pradeep Verma
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Correspondence to Pradeep Verma .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Bioprocess and Bioenergy Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India

    Pradeep Verma

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Chaturvedi, V., Goswami, R.K., Verma, P. (2020). Genetic Engineering for Enhancement of Biofuel Production in Microalgae. In: Verma, P. (eds) Biorefineries: A Step Towards Renewable and Clean Energy. Clean Energy Production Technologies. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-9593-6_21

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