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Macular Hole Surgery: Current Approaches and Trends

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Macular Surgery

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Abstract

Macular hole (MH) is a full-thickness defect in the neurosensory retina at the center of the macula. Idiopathic MH is the most common form. It affects mainly middle-aged and elderly patients and is more common in females. The advent of optical coherence tomography allows us to visualize how MH evolves in relation to the changes of the vitreoretinal interface. Pars plana vitrectomy is the standard of treatment. Surgical techniques have evolved from the internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling to inverted ILM flap to facilitate hole closure. Various technical modifications have been introduced to improve retention of the ILM flap on the macular surface and to reduce the risk of iatrogenic retinal trauma. Refractory and recurrent MH after previous vitrectomies remains major surgical challenges.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ophthalmology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong

    Lawrence P. L. Iu & Ian Y. H. Wong

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  1. Lawrence P. L. Iu
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  2. Ian Y. H. Wong
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Sydney Retina Clinic and Sydney Eye Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia

    Andrew Chang

  2. Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA

    William F. Mieler

  3. Department of Ophthalmology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan

    Masahito Ohji

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Iu, L.P.L., Wong, I.Y.H. (2020). Macular Hole Surgery: Current Approaches and Trends. In: Chang, A., Mieler, W.F., Ohji, M. (eds) Macular Surgery. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-7644-7_18

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-7644-7_18

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