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Economic, Social and Cultural Participation

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The Human Rights of Older Persons

Abstract

Economic, social and cultural rights are an essential component of a human rights-based approach to elder law. They help to ensure that older persons are able to enjoy full lives of their choosing and also to combat the ageist attitudes which operate as barriers to full inclusion in society.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (1966), art 11 (‘ICESCR’).

  2. 2.

    Ibid., art 12.

  3. 3.

    Ibid., arts 6, 7, 13.

  4. 4.

    Ibid., art 9.

  5. 5.

    Ibid., art 15.

  6. 6.

    Ibid., Preamble; Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (1990).

  7. 7.

    Inter-American Convention on Protecting the Rights of Older Persons (2015) (‘IACROP’).

  8. 8.

    ICESCR, art 15.

  9. 9.

    United Nations Principles for Older Persons (1991), Principle 7; (‘UN Principles’); Kornfeld-Matte (2016).

  10. 10.

    Grover (2011), para 13.

  11. 11.

    Kornfeld-Matte (2016), para 126.

  12. 12.

    Ibid., para 33.

  13. 13.

    Vienna International Plan of Action on Ageing (1982), para. 31(j) (‘VIPAA’).

  14. 14.

    UN Principles, Principle 7.

  15. 15.

    Ibid., Principle 8.

  16. 16.

    Madrid International Plan of Action on Ageing (2002), art 12 (‘Madrid Plan of Action’).

  17. 17.

    Ibid.

  18. 18.

    Ibid., para 20.

  19. 19.

    Butler (1975); Butler (1989).

  20. 20.

    Townsend (2007); Weicht (2013); Friedan (1985).

  21. 21.

    Kesby (2017), 376.

  22. 22.

    Rowe and Kahn (1997).

  23. 23.

    Ibid.

  24. 24.

    World Health Organization (2015), 28–9, 31–2, 100–3.

  25. 25.

    Rowe and Kahn (1997), 434.

  26. 26.

    Kesby (2017), 381.

  27. 27.

    Biggs (2001), 312, in Kesby (2017), 381.

  28. 28.

    Friedan (1985); Kesby (2017).

  29. 29.

    Minkler and Holstein (2008).

  30. 30.

    World Health Organization (2002), 12; United Nations Economic Commission for Europe. Active Ageing Index.

  31. 31.

    World Health Organization (2002), 12.

  32. 32.

    World Health Organization (2015), 28–9, 32.

  33. 33.

    IACROP, arts 8, 19(b).

  34. 34.

    Kesby (2017), 379.

  35. 35.

    World Health Organization (2002), 13; Kesby (2017).

  36. 36.

    World Health Organization (2002), 6.

  37. 37.

    Kesby (2017), 379.

  38. 38.

    Australian Government (2015), iii.

  39. 39.

    Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe (2011); Doron and Georgantzi (eds) (2018); Foster (2018).

  40. 40.

    Katz (2000), 148, in Kesby (2017).

  41. 41.

    Minkler and Holstein (2008), 197.

  42. 42.

    Biggs (2001).

  43. 43.

    Baltes and Carstensen (1996).

  44. 44.

    ICESCR, arts 6, 7 and 13.

  45. 45.

    Thornton and Luker (2010).

  46. 46.

    Kornfeld-Matte (2018), paras 76–78.

  47. 47.

    Ibid.

  48. 48.

    ICESCR, art 13.

  49. 49.

    Kornfeld-Matte (2016), para 14; Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights (2012).

  50. 50.

    Open-ended Working Group on Ageing (2019a); Open-ended Working Group on Ageing (2019b); AGE Platform Europe et al. (2019).

  51. 51.

    Open-ended Working Group on Ageing (2019b), paras 18–19.

  52. 52.

    Ibid., para 19.

  53. 53.

    VIPAA, Recommendation 47.

  54. 54.

    UN Principles, Principle 16.

  55. 55.

    Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (1995), para 8.

  56. 56.

    Madrid Plan of Action, paras 35–39.

  57. 57.

    Kornfeld-Matte (2016), para 14.

  58. 58.

    Ibid.

  59. 59.

    Madrid Plan of Action, Political Declaration, para 38.

  60. 60.

    Kornfeld-Matte (2017); Lewis et al. (2018).

  61. 61.

    International Expert-Conference on the Human Rights of Older Persons (2018), p. 2; Open-ended Working Group on Ageing (2019b), para 51.

  62. 62.

    Vienna Declaration, 3.

  63. 63.

    Ibid., 2.

  64. 64.

    World Economic Forum (2016).

  65. 65.

    Thornton and Luker (2010), 141.

  66. 66.

    Australian Human Rights Commission (2016), 47.

  67. 67.

    The Benevolent Society (2017), 19.

  68. 68.

    Thornton and Luker (2010), 143.

  69. 69.

    Bersin and Chamorro-Premuzic (2019).

  70. 70.

    Baum (2018); Thornton and Luker (2010), 151.

  71. 71.

    Business and Human Rights Resource Centre (2019a).

  72. 72.

    Business and Human Rights Resource Centre (2019b); Dynamex Operations West, Inc. v. Superior Court of Los Angeles County, No. S222732 (Supreme Court of California 30 April 2018); Aslam et al. v Uber, No. 2202550/2015 (Employment Tribunals 28 October 2016); Frias (2018).

  73. 73.

    Thornton and Luker (2010), 151.

  74. 74.

    Ibid., 167.

  75. 75.

    International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (1966), art 27 (‘ICCPR’).

  76. 76.

    See, for example: Australian Department of Health (2017); Cain (2007); Australian Human Rights Commission (2019).

  77. 77.

    Madrid Plan of Action, Paragraph 115.

  78. 78.

    Barbosa Neves et al. (2019).

  79. 79.

    Nicholson (2012); Ellwardt et al. (2015).

  80. 80.

    Kornfeld-Matte (2018), para 25.

  81. 81.

    Walsh et al. (2017), 83, adapted from Levitas et al. (2007).

  82. 82.

    Dow and Johnson (2012).

  83. 83.

    Kornfeld-Matte (2018).

  84. 84.

    Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (1991); Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (2000).

  85. 85.

    Kornfeld-Matte (2018), para 70.

  86. 86.

    Brownlee (2013).

  87. 87.

    IACROP, art 8.

  88. 88.

    Tinker and Ginn (2016); Kornfeld-Matte (2016), para 76.

  89. 89.

    Kornfeld-Matte (2018), paras 75–80.

  90. 90.

    World Health Organization (2007).

  91. 91.

    Ibid., 1.

  92. 92.

    Kornfeld-Matte (2018), para 75.

  93. 93.

    8 80 Cities (n.d.).

  94. 94.

    Ahmad (2018); Khan and Ahmad (2014).

  95. 95.

    Nursing Council of New Zealand (2011), 7 in Ahmad (2018), 26.

  96. 96.

    Ahmad (2018), 26.

  97. 97.

    Phiri et al. (2010), p. 107 cited in in Ahmad (2018), 27.

  98. 98.

    ICESCR, art 7(d).

  99. 99.

    Karev and Doron (2017).

  100. 100.

    Ibid., 278.

  101. 101.

    Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (2006), art 30(5).

  102. 102.

    IACROP, art 22.

  103. 103.

    Chicago Declaration on the Rights of Older Persons (2014). Adopted at the International Elder Law and Policy Conference, John Marshall Law School, Chicago (11 July 2014), art 2(r).

  104. 104.

    Karev and Doron (2017), 279.

  105. 105.

    Ibid., 289.

  106. 106.

    Ibid., 291–292.

  107. 107.

    Ibid., 291; Dionigi (2006); Wheaton (2017).

References

International Instruments

  • Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (1990) General Comment No. 3: The nature of States parties’ obligations (Art 2 par 1) (14 December 1990)

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  • Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (1991) General Comment No. 4: The right to adequate housing (Art 11 par 1) (13 December 1991)

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  • Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (1995) General Comment No. 6: The Economic, Social and Cultural Rights of Older Persons (8 December 1995)

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  • Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (2000) General Comment No. 14: The right to the highest attainable standard of health (Art 12) UN Doc E/C.12/2000/4 (11 August 2000)

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  • Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (2006) Opened for signature 13 December 2006, entered into force 3 May 2008. 2515 UNTS 3

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  • Inter-American Convention on Protecting the Rights of Older Persons (2015) Opened for signature 15 June 2015, entered into force 11 January 2017. 55 ILM 985

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  • International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (1966) Opened for signature 16 December 1966, entered into force 23 March 1976. 999 UNTS 171

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  • International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (1966) Opened for signature 16 December 1966, entered into force 3 January 1976. 993 UNTS 3

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  • Madrid International Plan of Action on Ageing (2002) Adopted by Second World Conference on Ageing, Madrid, 8–12 April 2002

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  • Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe (2011) Promoting Active Ageing – Capitalising on Older People’’s Working Potential. Resolution 1793 (28 January 2011)

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  • United Nations Principles for Older Persons (1991) Adopted by United Nations General Assembly Resolution 46/91. UN Doc A/RES/46/91 (16 December 1991)

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  • Vienna International Plan of Action on Ageing (1982) Adopted by World Assembly on Ageing, Vienna, 26 July–6 August 1982. Endorsed by UN General Assembly Resolution 37/51. UN Doc A/RES/37/51 (3 December 1982)

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Cases

  • Aslam et al v Uber, No. 2202550/2015 (Employment Tribunals 28 October 2016)

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  • Dynamex Operations West, Inc. v. Superior Court of Los Angeles County, No. S222732 (Supreme Court of California 30 April 2018)

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Lewis, B., Purser, K., Mackie, K. (2020). Economic, Social and Cultural Participation. In: The Human Rights of Older Persons. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-6735-3_4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-6735-3_4

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