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A Differential Role of miRNAs in Regulation of Breast Cancer Stem Cells

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Cancer Stem Cells: New Horizons in Cancer Therapies

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Abstract

Breast cancer is one of the most frequently occurring cancers in women worldwide. Enormous evidences emphasized that tumorigenesis is steered by a subpopulation of tumor cells known as cancer stem cells (CSCs). These CSCs play a pivotal role in cancer cell growth and metastasis. They show resistance to therapies and are also responsible for tumor recurrence. Substantial studies revealed a crucial role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in modulation of tumorigenic potential. This chapter emphasizes mainly on those miRNAs which modulate the stemness property of breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs). miRNAs are a class small non-coding single-stranded RNAs (~20–24 nucleotides) which usually bind to 3′UTR of target mRNAs. This binding eventually inhibits protein synthesis by repressing translation and/or decaying the target mRNAs. This chapter elaborately discusses the various miRNAs (e.g., miR-200c, miR-34c, miR-214, miR-21, etc.) which not only act as either oncomirs or tumor suppressors but also regulate stemness property along with epithelial-mesenchymal transition, invasion, and metastasis. This study also enlightens the involvement of various crucial signalling pathways (e.g., Notch, Wnt, and PI3K-Akt) in miRNA-mediated regulation of BCSCs. Thus, expression profile of a specific miRNA or a set of specific miRNAs could be used as a diagnosis and/or prognosis marker for breast cancer. Moreover, targeting these specific miRNAs (e.g., miR-200c, miR-34c, miR-21, etc.) either by antagomir or mimic miRNA seems to be a promising therapeutic strategy for breast cancer treatment.

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  1. Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India

    Shreetama Bandyopadhayaya & Chandi C. Mandal

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  1. Shreetama Bandyopadhayaya
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  2. Chandi C. Mandal
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  1. Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

    Surajit Pathak

  2. Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

    Antara Banerjee

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Bandyopadhayaya, S., Mandal, C.C. (2020). A Differential Role of miRNAs in Regulation of Breast Cancer Stem Cells. In: Pathak, S., Banerjee, A. (eds) Cancer Stem Cells: New Horizons in Cancer Therapies. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-5120-8_5

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