Skip to main content

A Discussion on the Evolution and Application of Quantitative Risk Informed Dam Safety Decision Making

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
ICDSME 2019 (ICDSME 2019)

Part of the book series: Water Resources Development and Management ((WRDM))

Included in the following conference series:

Abstract

The use of risk informed decision making in the dam safety industry has been growing since the introduction of a formal (albeit simplified) risk assessment process by the US Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) in 2000. This Probable Failure Modes Analysis (PFMA) technique is widely used throughout the United States and elsewhere but recently has come under some criticism. However, despite the shortcomings with this, and other, simplified risk assessment methodologies, when used in conjunction with standards-based analyses and sound engineering judgement the qualitative approach to risk informed dam safety management and prioritization offers great value. These approaches can be further enhanced through the use of a semi-quantitative approach that makes use of a new risk screening tool to assess the probability of failure of potential failure modes in a transparent and scientific manner.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 189.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 249.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 329.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Notes

  1. 1.

    Independent Forensic Team Report, Oroville Dam Spillway Incident. Page 65, 1 January 2018.

  2. 2.

    Bluvband, Zigmund, & Grabov, Pavel (2009). Failure Analysis of FMEA. Advanced Logistics Development.

References

  1. Abidi, Y.A.: The causes of dam failure. In: Proceedings of the H. G. Acres Seminar, Niagara Falls (1985)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Atkinson, G., Vick, S.: Risk analysis for dam design. In: Proceedings of the H. G. Acres Seminar, Apr 1985

    Google Scholar 

  3. American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE): Lessons from large dams. Report of the Committee on Failures and Accidents to Large Dams of USCOLD, New York (ASCE) (1975)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Babb, A.O., Mermel, T.W.: Catalog of Dam Disasters, Failures and Accidents. PB179243, Washington, DC (Bureau of Reclamation) (1968)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Bury, K., Kreuzer, H.: The assessment of the failure probability for a gravity dam. Water Power and Dam Construction, Nov 1985

    Google Scholar 

  6. Canadian Dam Association (2007, rev 2013): CDA Dam Safety Guidelines (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  7. de Meel, H.W., Donnelly, C.R., Stratton, C.S.: Managing hydro assets rationally: a risk-based approach. Hydro Rev. (1998)

    Google Scholar 

  8. DeKay, M.L., McClelland, G.H.: Predicting loss of life in cases of dam failure and flash flood. Risk Anal. 13(2), 193–205 (1993)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Donnelly, C.R., MacTavish, B.A.: The use of an advanced risk-based asset management system for evaluation of rehabilitation options for an aging hydroelectric station. In: Canadian Dam Safety Association Conference (1997)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Donnelly, C.R., Morgenroth, M.: Risky Business—Use of Risk-Based Procedures to Assist in Making Informed and Proactive Dam Safety Decisions. International Water Power and Dam Construction Publication, May 2005

    Google Scholar 

  11. Donnelly, C.R.: Class Act-Different Approaches Canada Takes to Dam Safety Classification. International Water Power and Dam Construction Publication, May 2005

    Google Scholar 

  12. Donnelly, C.R.: Safe and Secure. International Water Power and Dam Construction Publication (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Donnelly, C.R., Zielinski, A., Orton, M., Bennett, T., Passey, M., Bridgeman, S., O’Mara, M., Perkins, S., Crosthwait, R.: A description of the development and application of a new quantitative dam safety risk assessment tool. In: CDA Annual Conference, Montreal, Quebec, 5–10 Oct 2013

    Google Scholar 

  14. Donnelly, C.R., Stephen, C.D., Jamieson, K., Perkins, S., Hinchberger, S.: A description of the application of a new quantitative dam safety risk assessment tool for risk-informed decision making. Hydro Vision, Portland, Oregon, 14–17 July 2015

    Google Scholar 

  15. Donnelly, C.R.: General Report, Question 97—Spillways. ICOLD (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Evans, R.A.: Fault trees and cause-consequence charts. IEEE, Transactions, R-23 (1974)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Farmer, F.R.: Siting criteria—a new approach. J. Br. Nucl. Energy Soc 6(3) (1963)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Federal Coordinating Council for Science, Engineering and Technology, Federal Guidelines for Dam Safety, Washington, DC (1979)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Federal Energy Regulatory Commission: Chapter 14—Engineering Guidelines for the Evaluation of Hydropower Projects (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  20. France, J.W., Alv, I.A., Dickson, P.A., Falvey, H.T., Rigbey, S.J., Trojanowski, J.: Independent Forensic Team Report: Oroville Dam Spillway Incident. Technical report, California Department of Water Resources, CA

    Google Scholar 

  21. Foster, M., Fell, R., Spannagle, M.: The statistics of embankment dam failures and accidents. Can. Geotech. J. 37(5), 1000–1024 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Gruetter, F., Schnitter, N.J.: Analytical risk assessment for dams. In: International Commission on Large Dams, Proceedings 14. International Congress on Large Dams, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Q.52, R.39 (1982)

    Google Scholar 

  23. Gruner, E.: Dam disasters. In: Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers, London, vol. 24, Paper No. 6648, pp. 47–60 (1963)

    Google Scholar 

  24. Gruner, E.: The Safety of Reservoirs, World Dams Today, pp. 104–109 (1967)

    Google Scholar 

  25. Hartford, D.N.D.: Gambling with public safety. International Water Power and Dam Construction, Nov 1988

    Google Scholar 

  26. Hartford, D.N.D., Nielson, N.M., Gaffran, D.C.: Consequence-based dam safety, a balanced risk approach. Waterpower 95, San Francisco, vol. 3, July 1995

    Google Scholar 

  27. Hartford, D.N.D., Baecher, G.B.: Risk and uncertainty in dam safety. CEA Technologies Dam Safety Interest Group. Thomas Telford Publishing (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  28. HSE (Health and Safety Executive, UK): Reducing Risks, Protecting People—HSE’s Decision Making Process, HSE Books (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  29. http://www.antenna.nl: Chronology of Major Tailings Dam Failures, WISE, July 1999

  30. Hydro Review: Dam Safety, vol. XVIII, No. 5, pp. 84–85, Aug 1999

    Google Scholar 

  31. Schleiss, A.J., Tournier, J.-P., Chraibi, A.F.: Report of Independent Expert Planel, Xi-Pian Xe-Namnoy Project, Failure of Saddle Dam D Final Report (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  32. ICOLD Bulletin No. 99: Dam Failures—Statistical Analysis (1995)

    Google Scholar 

  33. ICOLD: Risk Assessment in Dam Safety, Bulletin 130 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  34. ICOLD: Question No. 90 Upgrading of Existing Dams, Brasilia (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  35. Independent Forensics Team Report: Oroville Dam Spillway, Jan 2018

    Google Scholar 

  36. Kreuzer, H., Bury, K.: A probability based evaluation of the safety and risk of existing dams. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Safety of Dams, Coimbra, Portugal (1984)

    Google Scholar 

  37. Lust, R.U., Wu, Y-T.J.: Probabilistic structural analysis—an introduction. Experimental Techniques, Sept/Oct 1998

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. Mark, R.K., Stuart-Alexander, D.E.: Disasters as a necessary part of benefit-cost analysis. Science 17, 1160–1162 (1977)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. Middlebrooks, T.A.: Earth-dam practice in the United States. Trans. Am. Soc. Civil Eng. 118, 697–722 (1953)

    Google Scholar 

  40. Morgenroth, M., Donnelly, C.R: Quantitative risk assessment using the capacity demand analysis methodology. In: Canadian Dams Safety (CDA) Annual Conference, Sudbury, Ontario, Oct 1999

    Google Scholar 

  41. Morgenstern, N.R.: Geotechnical Risks, Regulation, and Public Policy. Invited Lecture, Soils and Rocks, Sao Paulo, vol. 41(2), pp. 107–129, May-Aug 2018. (https://doi.org/10.28927/sr.412107

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. New Zealand Society on Large Dams: New Zealand Dam Safety Guidelines (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  43. Nielson, N.M.: BC hydro’s approach to dam safety. International Water Power and Dam Construction, Mar 1993

    Google Scholar 

  44. Nielson, N.M., Vick, S.G., Hartford, D.N.D.: Risk analysis in British Columbia. International Water Power and Dam Construction, Mar 1994

    Google Scholar 

  45. Passey, M.B., Bennett, T., Zielinski, A., Donnelly, C.R. (2014). Dam safety management plans: a conceptual framework for risk-informed decision making in ontario. In: Canadian Dam Association CDA Annual Conference, Banff, Alberta, 4–9 Oct 2014

    Google Scholar 

  46. Payton, R.L., Hubbard, J.L., Sweeny, B.J.: Development of a hydrological risk-based methodology for evaluation of dam safety in missouri. Min. Eng. (1998)

    Google Scholar 

  47. Peck, R.W.: Where has all the judgement gone. In: Dunnicliff, J., Deere, D. (eds.) Judgement in Geotechnical Engineering. Wiley, NY (1984)

    Google Scholar 

  48. Rigbey, S.J.: Oroville retrospect: what needs to change? In: Proceedings of the 87th Annual Meeting of International Commission on Large Dams. Sustainable and Safe Dams Around the World—Tournier, Bennett & Bibeau (Eds) © 2019 Canadian Dam Association, pp. 2184–2195. (2019). ISBN 978-0-367-33422-2

    Google Scholar 

  49. Rimington, J., Mcquaid, J., Trbojevic, V.: Application of Risk-Based Strategies to Workers’ Health and Safety Protection: UK Experience Reed Business Information (2003). ISBN 905901275 5

    Google Scholar 

  50. Salmon, G.M., Hartford, D.N.D.: Risk analysis for dam safety. International Water Power and Dam Safety, Mar 1995

    Google Scholar 

  51. Salmon, G.M., von Hehn, G.R.: Consequence based dam safety criteria for floods and earthquakes. In: Proceedings of the International Workshop on Dam Safety Evaluation. ICOLD (1993)

    Google Scholar 

  52. Siddall, E.: Statistical analysis of reactor safety standards. Nucleonics 17 (1959)

    Google Scholar 

  53. Silva, F., Lambe, T.W., Marr, W.A.: The probability and risk of slope failure. J. Geotech. Geo-environ. Eng. 132(12) (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  54. Takase, K.: Statistic study on failure, damage and deterioration of earth dams in Japan. In: 9th ICOLD Congress, Q34, and R1:1–19, Istanbul, Turkey (1967)

    Google Scholar 

  55. US Bureau of Reclamation: Policy and Proceedings for Dam Safety Modification Decision Making (1989)

    Google Scholar 

  56. Vick, S.G.: The use and abuse of risk analysis. In: Proceedings Tailings and Mine Waste, Oct 2014

    Google Scholar 

  57. Westermann, G.D.: Risk-based assessment of penstock rupture. In: 1998 HydroVision Conference (1998)

    Google Scholar 

  58. Whitman, V.: Evaluating calculated risk in geotechnical engineering. ASCE J. Geotech. Eng 110(2) (1984)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  59. Zielinski, P.: Risk tolerability criteria in dam safety—what is missing? In: Proceedings of the 87th Annual Meeting of International Commission on Large Dams. Sustainable and Safe Dams Around the World—Tournier, Bennett & Bibeau (Eds) © 2019 Canadian Dam Association, pp. 2323–2330 (2019). ISBN 978-0-367-33422-2

    Google Scholar 

  60. Zhou, R., Donnelly, C.R., Godbout, N., Perkins, S.: Risk based rip-rap design. In: Canadian Dam Association (CDA) Annual Conference, Montreal, Quebec, 5–10 Oct 2013

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to C. Richard Donnelly .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2020 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Donnelly, C.R., Acharya, A.M. (2020). A Discussion on the Evolution and Application of Quantitative Risk Informed Dam Safety Decision Making. In: Mohd Sidek, L., Salih, G., Boosroh, M. (eds) ICDSME 2019. ICDSME 2019. Water Resources Development and Management. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-1971-0_52

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics