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Nanoparticles: A Boon to Target Mitochondrial Diseases

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Nanoparticles and their Biomedical Applications

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Abstract

Mitochondrial medicine is a rapidly growing area in biomedical research. Armed with the much needed tools for probing, accessing, and manipulating subcellular organelles, nanoscience has leaped into the realm of mitochondrial research. It has become increasingly evident that mitochondrial dysfunction causes a variety of human disorders, including neurodegenerative and neuromuscular diseases, obesity and diabetes, ischemia–reperfusion injury, cancer and inherited mitochondrial diseases.

Mitochondria are a major source of superoxide anion and other free radicals. This in situ-generated reactive oxygen species alters the function of many metabolic enzymes in the mitochondrial matrix, as well as those comprising the electron transport chain. Antioxidant supplements and drugs are generally believed to scavenge toxic free radicals from mitochondrial environment. Because of the complex nature of the mitochondrion, different strategies may be required for mitochondrial uptake of different pharmacotherapeutic agents.

A variety of small-molecule drugs have been investigated as potential therapeutic agents for mitochondrial diseases, but with obvious limitations. This chapter deals with effective nanoparticulated drug delivery system for targeting biologically active compounds to brain and/or liver mitochondria in the pathogenesis of mitochondrial diseases. The aim is to evaluate the efficacy of vesiculated drug formulations (liposomes, nanoparticles) against oxidative-damage-evoked mitochondrial damage and their possible protection mechanism in preclinical setting.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Microbiology, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Adamas University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India

    Swarupa Ghosh & Saptarshi Chatterjee

Authors
  1. Swarupa Ghosh
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  2. Saptarshi Chatterjee
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Physics Department, Ewing Christian College, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Ashutosh Kumar Shukla

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Ghosh, S., Chatterjee, S. (2020). Nanoparticles: A Boon to Target Mitochondrial Diseases. In: Shukla, A. (eds) Nanoparticles and their Biomedical Applications. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0391-7_10

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0391-7_10

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  • Online ISBN: 978-981-15-0391-7

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