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Growth and Morphological Changes of Agronomic Crops Under Abiotic Stress

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Abstract

The escalating worldwide need for agricultural products accounts for twofold increase in crop yield by 2050. The agronomic crops especially wheat, maize, rice, barley, sugarcane, etc. contribute greatly to human food. The various environmental conditions impact the yield of agronomic crops globally. Complicating the problem, abiotic stresses especially temperature, heavy metal, drought, water, and salt stress induce toxicity in agronomic crops. Exposure to different abiotic stresses severely affects growth, morphology, productivity, and performance of crops all through the growing period. Further, increased generation of reactive oxygen species under stressful conditions might be linked to the decreased yield and development of agronomic crops. This chapter discusses an overview on the types of abiotic stress in crop plants and their effect on growth and morphological parameters. Additionally, inherent tolerance mechanisms adapted by agronomic crops to combat abiotic stress are also discussed briefly in this chapter.

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Abbreviations

APX:

ascorbate peroxidase

CAT:

catalase

CFC:

chlorofluorocarbon

CH4 :

methane

CO2 :

carbon dioxide

GPX:

guaiacol peroxidase

GR:

glutathione reductase

H2O2 :

hydrogen peroxide

MDA:

malondialdehyde

NaCl:

sodium chloride

O2 :

oxygen

O2 •− :

superoxide radical

OH• :

hydroxyl radical

ROS:

reactive oxygen species

SOD:

superoxide dismutase

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Botany, Mehr Chand Mahajan D.A.V College for Women, Chandigarh, India

    Aditi Shreeya Bali

  2. Centre for Applied Biology in Environment Sciences, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, India

    Gagan Preet Singh Sidhu

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  1. Aditi Shreeya Bali
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

    Mirza Hasanuzzaman

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Bali, A.S., Sidhu, G.P.S. (2020). Growth and Morphological Changes of Agronomic Crops Under Abiotic Stress. In: Hasanuzzaman, M. (eds) Agronomic Crops. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0025-1_1

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