Abstract
In 1989, when 146 cases of HIV were discovered among drug users in a small town bordering Myanmar, Yunnan province became known as the site of the first Chinese HIV outbreak. The HIV infection spread slowly from the southwest corner of Yunnan then throughout the whole province. The HIV transmission mode has shifted from over 95% via injecting drug use in the early 1990s to over 95% via sexual contact in recent years. The Yunnan government launched three rounds of a “People’s War” to combat the HIV/AIDS epidemic. Many innovative strategies have been tested and expanded, with remarkable progress made. The HIV incidence and case-fatality rates have declined. The “Dehong Model” has been expanded throughout Yunnan province, as well as the whole country, and has even been discussed at UNAIDS in Geneva in order to share best practices from its implementation. However, there are still many challenges to controlling the HIV epidemic in Yunnan. Future policies must improve efficacy and coverage of programs specifically targeting ethnic minorities, people who inject drugs, men who have sex with men, and female sex workers, particularly those who work at the street level.
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Authors would like to thank Willa Dong, Sarah Robbins Scott, and Jennifer M. McGoogan for their help in editing.
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Lu, L., Jia, M. (2020). The HIV Epidemics and Responses in Yunnan. In: Wu, Z., Wang, Y., Detels, R., Bulterys, M., McGoogan, J. (eds) HIV/AIDS in China. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-8518-6_29
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