Abstract
The paper presents the proposal of an electrocardiogram (ECG) compressor based on two-dimensional coding. The signal is pre-processed and the R waves detected, from these waves the signal is segmented and arranged in an N × M matrix, composed of M segments and N the maximum length between two R waves. Once this matrix is composed, the interpolation process is performed so that all segments M have the same size N. With the interpolated matrix a pre-processing is applied to improve the two-dimensional correlation of the matrix. This is done by rearranging the segments so that the correlation of the segments be maximized. Some widely-adopted image compression algorithm is used to reduce the volume of data. In the present work, the intra mode of the High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) is applied to encode real ECG signals obtained through the MIT-BIH Arrhythmia Database. These signals impose a greater challenge for the proposed system. The application of this proposal demonstrates that the use of HEVC-intra image encoder is efficient in ECG compression. A quantitative performance evaluation was performed and compared to other results found in the literature.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Bansal, A., Joshi, R.: Portable out-of-hospital electrocardiography—a review of current technologies. J. Arrhythm. 34(2), 129–138 (2018)
Lee, H., Buckley, K.M.: ECG data compression using cut and align beats approach and 2-D transforms. IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 46(5), 556–565 (1999)
Bilgin, A., Marcellin, M.W., Altbach, M.I.: Compression of electrocardiogram signals using JPEG2000. IEEE Trans. Consum. Electron. 49(4), 833–840 (2003)
Tai, S.C., Sun, C., Yan, W.C.: A 2-D ECG compression method based on wavelet transform and modified SPIHT. IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 52(6), 999–1008 (2005)
Chou, H.H., Chen, Y.J., Shiau, Y.C., Kuo, T.S.: An effective and efficient compression algorithm for ECG signals with irregular periods. IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 53(6), 1198–1205 (2006)
Filho, E.B.L., Rodrigues, N.M., Da Silva, E.A., De Faria, S.M., Da Silva, V.M., De Carvalho, M.B.: ECG Signal compression based on DC equalization and complexity sorting. IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 55(7), 1923–1926 (2008)
Joo, Y.B., Lee, G.B., Park, K.H.: 2-D ECG compression using optimal sorting and mean normalization. In: 2009 International Conference on Machine Learning and Computing IPCSIT, vol. 3, pp. 472–476 (2011)
Polania, L.F., Carrillo, R.E., Blanco-Velasco, M., Barner, K.E.: Exploiting prior knowledge in compressed sensing wireless ECG systems. IEEE J. Biomed. Health Inform. 19(2), 508–519 (2015)
Singh, A., Dandapat, S.: Exploiting multi-scale signal information in joint compressed sensing recovery of multi-channel ECG signals. Biomed. Signal Process. Control 29, 53–66 (2016)
Raeiatibanadkooki, M., et al.: Compression and encryption of ECG signal using wavelet and chaotically Huffman code in telemedicine application. J. Med. Sys. 40(3), 73 (2016)
Craven, D., McGinley, B., Kilmartin, L., Glavin, M., Jones, E.: Adaptive dictionary reconstruction for compressed sensing of ECG signals. IEEE J. Biomed. Health Inform. 21(3), 645–654 (2017)
Ohm, J.R., Sullivan, G.J., Schwarz, H., Tan, T.K.: Comparison of the coding efficiency of video coding standards—including high efficiency video coding (HEVC). IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Video Technol. 22(12), 1669–1684 (2012)
MIT-BIH Arrythmia Database [Online]. http://www.physionet.org/physiobank/database/mitdb. Accessed 08 Nov 2016
JCT-VC HEVC HM-19 [Online]. https://hevc.hhi.fraunhofer.de/trac/hevc/browser/tags/HM-16.9. Accessed 16 June 2016
Pan, J., Tompkins, W.J.: A real-time QRS detection algorithm. IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 3, 230–236 (1985)
Costa, M.V., Carvalho, J.L., Berger, P.A., Zaghetto, A., Da Rocha, A.F., Nascimento, F.A.: Two-dimensional compression of surface electromyographic signals using column-correlation sorting and image encoders. In: Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, EMBC 2009, pp. 428–431, Minneapolis, MN, USA (2009)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this paper
Cite this paper
Gusmão, D.B., Lima, A.T.M., Costa, M.V.C. (2019). Two-Dimensional Compression of ECG Signals Using HEVC-Intra Encoder and Pre-processing Techniques. In: Costa-Felix, R., Machado, J., Alvarenga, A. (eds) XXVI Brazilian Congress on Biomedical Engineering. IFMBE Proceedings, vol 70/2. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2517-5_76
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2517-5_76
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-13-2516-8
Online ISBN: 978-981-13-2517-5
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)