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Sesquiterpenes in Fresh Food

  • Living reference work entry
  • First Online:
Handbook of Dietary Phytochemicals

Abstract

Sesquiterpenes are secondary metabolites that have interesting health-promoting functions, including anti-inflammatory, cardiovascular, gastro-protective, and anticancer properties. The potential of these compounds in human health will be further discussed throughout this chapter, being incorporated as part of a balanced diet and as pharmaceutical agents. Several foods consumed daily are a rich source of these compounds such as fruits, vegetables, algae, edible medicinal plants, and mushrooms. An overview of the bioactive constituents found in these aliments, metabolism routes and bioavailability, benefits for human health, safety upon ingestion, and market products will be described. Moreover, a deep understanding of the chemical constituents and biological activity observed will be detailed (structure-activity relationship studies). On the other hand, some of the peculiar aspects of these compounds (for instance, sesquiterpene lactones) is the bitterness that they confer to foods such as chicory, lettuce, or dandelion. This bitter taste is a direct consequence to their role as antifeedants, and this characteristic might help to ascertain the appropriate daily doses of sesquiterpenes. Little is known about the intake of sesquiterpenes in our diet. This chapter provides an understanding of the role of sesquiterpenes in health and human diet and the importance of increase their comsumption.

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Abbreviations

A-549:

Adenocarcinomic human alveolar basal epithelial cells

ATP:

Adenosine triphosphate

B16F10:

Murine melanoma cell line

BEL-7402:

Human hepatoma cell line

BGC-823:

Human gastric cancer cell line

COX-1:

Cyclooxygenase-1

COX-2:

Cyclooxygenase-2

D-GaIN/LPS:

Lipopolysaccharide/D-galactosamine

DMAPP:

Dimethylallyl diphosphate

EGb:

Standardized Ginkgo biloba leaf extract

FPP:

Farnesyl pyrophosphate

FPS:

Farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase

GA3P:

Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

GABA:

γ-Aminobutyric acid

GOT:

Glutamate-oxaloacetate aminotransferase

GPT:

Glutamate-pyruvate aminotransferase

H2O:

Dihydrogen oxide

HCT-8:

Human ileocecal adenocarcinoma cells

HeLa:

Human cervical cancer cell line (Henrietta Lacks)

HSV-1:

Herpes simplex virus type 1

I.929:

Mouse fibroblast cell line

IC50:

Half maximal inhibitory concentration

ID50:

Half infectious doses

iNOS:

Inducible nitric oxide synthase

IPP:

Isopentenyl diphosphate

LD50:

Half lethal dose

LPS:

Lipopolysaccharide

MDM2:

Mouse double minute 2

MEP:

Methylerythritol phosphate

MIC:

Minimum inhibitory concentration

MVA:

Mevalonic acid

NF-kB:

Nuclear factor-kB

NGS:

Next-generation sequencing

NLT:

Not less than

NMT:

Not more than

NO:

Nitric oxide

NSAIDs:

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

OVCAR-3:

Human ovarian carcinoma cell line

PAs:

Pyrrolizidine alkaloids

PGE2:

Prostaglandin E2

RAW:

Monocyte/macrophage-like cells, originating from Abelson leukemia virus transformed cell line derived from BALB/c (albino, laboratory-bred strain) mice

RCR:

Respiratory control ratio

RD:

Raynaud’s disease

SERCA:

Sarco-/endoplasmic reticulum calcium

SK-N-SH:

Neuroblastoma cell line

SLs:

Sesquiterpene lactones

SOD:

Superoxide dismutase

TNF-α:

Tumor necrosis factor alpha

TPA:

Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate

TPS:

Terpene synthase

USA:

United States of America

UV:

Ultraviolet

UVB:

Ultraviolet B radiation

W:

Watts

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Acknowledgments

This research was supported by the “Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad” (MINECO), Spain, Project AGL2017-88-083-R.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Allelopathy Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Biomolecules (INBIO), Campus ceiA3, School of Science, University of Cadiz, Cádiz, Spain

    Alexandra G. Durán, Carlos Rial, M. Teresa Gutiérrez, José M. G. Molinillo & Francisco A. Macías

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  1. Alexandra G. Durán
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  2. Carlos Rial
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  3. M. Teresa Gutiérrez
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  4. José M. G. Molinillo
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  5. Francisco A. Macías
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Correspondence to Francisco A. Macías .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, Macau, Macao

    Jianbo Xiao

  2. School of Pharmacy & Biomolecular Sci., Liverpool John Moores University School of Pharmacy & Biomolecular Sci., Liverpool, UK

    Satyajit D. Sarker

  3. Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan

    Yoshinori Asakawa

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Durán, A.G., Rial, C., Gutiérrez, M.T., Molinillo, J.M.G., Macías, F.A. (2020). Sesquiterpenes in Fresh Food. In: Xiao, J., Sarker, S., Asakawa, Y. (eds) Handbook of Dietary Phytochemicals. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1745-3_47-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1745-3_47-1

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