Abstract
Synthetic biology integrates the knowledge of engineering, mathematics and physics into the biological systems to investigate and get deeper insight into the natural cellular phenomena and thus is implicated for a variety of applications. A key step in synthetic biology is logical combination of simple circuits into higher-order systems which work like a genetic switchboard which is subsequently implicated in building novel biological entities on an ever more complex level for novel application. In recent years, the field has emerged extensively and constructed many complex circuits which find its use in several fields ranging from simple laboratory experiments to clinic. Most important application of synthetic biology is the development of novel and efficient therapies for the treatment of a large number of life-threatening infectious diseases, development of vaccine, cell therapy, regenerative medicine and microbiome engineering. This chapter is aimed at providing a brief description on different applications of synthetic biology.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Arkin A (2008) Setting the standard in synthetic biology. Nat Biotechnol 26:771–774
Benner SA, Sismour AM (2005) Synthetic biology. Nat Rev Genet 6:533–543
Brenner K, You L, Arnold FH (2008) Engineering microbial consortia: a new frontier in synthetic biology. Trends Biotechnol 26:483–489
Caplan AI (2007) Adult mesenchymal stem cells for tissue engineering versus regenerative medicine. J Cell Physiol 213:341–347
Chan IS, Ginsburg GS (2011) Personalized medicine: progress and promise. Annu Rev Genomics Hum Genet 12:217–244
Cheng AA, Lu TK (2012) Synthetic biology: an emerging engineering discipline. Annu Rev Biomed Eng 14:155–178
Church GM, Elowitz MB, Smolke CD, Voigt CA, Weiss R (2014) Realizing the potential of synthetic biology. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 15:289–294
D’souza S (2001) Microbial biosensors. Biosens Bioelectron 16:337–353
Elani Y, Law RV, Ces O (2014) Vesicle-based artificial cells as chemical microreactors with spatially segregated reaction pathways. Nat Commun 5:5305
Forbes NS (2010) Engineering the perfect (bacterial) cancer therapy. Nat Rev Cancer 10:785–794
Gaj T, Gersbach CA, Barbas CF (2013) ZFN, TALEN, and CRISPR/Cas-based methods for genome engineering. Trends Biotechnol 31:397–405
Gibson DG et al (2010) Creation of a bacterial cell controlled by a chemically synthesized genome. Science 329:52–56
Gonzalez-Angulo AM, Hennessy BT, Mills GB (2010) Future of personalized medicine in oncology: a systems biology approach. J Clin Oncol 28:2777–2783
Haag R (2004) Supramolecular drug-delivery systems based on polymeric core–shell architectures. Angew Chem Int Ed 43:278–282
Hwang WY et al (2013) Efficient genome editing in zebrafish using a CRISPR-Cas system. Nat Biotechnol 31:227–229
Jaenisch R, Bird A (2003) Epigenetic regulation of gene expression: how the genome integrates intrinsic and environmental signals. Nat Genet 33:245–254
Joung JK, Sander JD (2013) TALENs: a widely applicable technology for targeted genome editing. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 14:49–55
Kellenberger CA, Wilson SC, Sales-Lee J, Hammond MC (2013) RNA-based fluorescent biosensors for live cell imaging of second messengers cyclic di-GMP and cyclic AMP-GMP. J Am Chem Soc 135:4906–4909
Khalil AS, Collins JJ (2010) Synthetic biology: applications come of age. Nat Rev Genet 11:367–379
Levskaya A et al (2005) Synthetic biology: engineering Escherichia coli to see light. Nature 438:441–442
Li JW-H, Vederas JC (2009) Drug discovery and natural products: end of an era or an endless frontier? Science 325:161–165
Liu Z, Jiao Y, Wang Y, Zhou C, Zhang Z (2008) Polysaccharides-based nanoparticles as drug delivery systems. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 60:1650–1662
Lu TK, Collins JJ (2007) Dispersing biofilms with engineered enzymatic bacteriophage. Proc Natl Acad Sci 104:11197–11202
Lu TK, Bowers J, Koeris MS (2013) Advancing bacteriophage-based microbial diagnostics with synthetic biology. Trends Biotechnol 31:325–327
Maeder ML, Linder SJ, Cascio VM, Fu Y, Ho QH, Joung JK (2013) CRISPR RNA-guided activation of endogenous human genes. Nat Methods 10:977–979
Mali P et al (2013) RNA-guided human genome engineering via Cas9. Science 339:823–826
Martinez AW, Phillips ST, Whitesides GM, Carrilho E (2009) Diagnostics for the developing world: microfluidic paper-based analytical devices. ACS Publications
McDaniel R, Weiss R (2005) Advances in synthetic biology: on the path from prototypes to applications. Curr Opin Biotechnol 16:476–483
Ro D-K et al (2006) Production of the antimalarial drug precursor artemisinic acid in engineered yeast. Nature 440:940–943
Ruder WC, Lu T, Collins JJ (2011) Synthetic biology moving into the clinic. Science 333:1248–1252
Russell SJ, Peng K-W, Bell JC (2012) Oncolytic virotherapy. Nat Biotechnol 30:658–670
Ulmer JB, Mason PW, Geall A, Mandl CW (2012) RNA-based vaccines. Vaccine 30:4414–4418
Urnov FD, Rebar EJ, Holmes MC, Zhang HS, Gregory PD (2010) Genome editing with engineered zinc finger nucleases. Nat Rev Genet 11:636–646
Viertel TM, Ritter K, Horz H-P (2014) Viruses versus bacteria—novel approaches to phage therapy as a tool against multidrug-resistant pathogens. J Antimicrob Chemother 69:2326–2336
Way JC, Collins JJ, Keasling JD, Silver PA (2014) Integrating biological redesign: where synthetic biology came from and where it needs to go. Cell 157:151–161
Weber W, Fussenegger M (2009) The impact of synthetic biology on drug discovery. Drug Discov Today 14:956–963
Weber W, Fussenegger M (2012) Emerging biomedical applications of synthetic biology. Nat Rev Genet 13:21–35
Wong TS, Schwaneberg U (2003) Protein engineering in bioelectrocatalysis. Curr Opin Biotechnol 14:590–596
Ye H, Daoud-El Baba M, Peng R-W, Fussenegger M (2011) A synthetic optogenetic transcription device enhances blood-glucose homeostasis in mice. Science 332:1565–1568
Ye H, Charpin-El Hamri G, Zwicky K, Christen M, Folcher M, Fussenegger M (2013) Pharmaceutically controlled designer circuit for the treatment of the metabolic syndrome. Proc Natl Acad Sci 110:141–146
Ying H et al (1999) Cancer therapy using a self-replicating RNA vaccine. Nat Med 5:823–827
Acknowledgments
The authors sincerely acknowledge the Indian Council of Medical Research, Council for Scientific Industrial Research, University Grants Commission, and Department of Science and Technology (India) for financial support.
Conflict of Interest
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2018 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Mohammad, T., Hassan, M.I. (2018). Genome Microbiology for Synthetic Applications. In: Singh, S. (eds) Synthetic Biology. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-8693-9_5
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-8693-9_5
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-10-8692-2
Online ISBN: 978-981-10-8693-9
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)