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Chlamydial MACPF Protein CT153

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MACPF/CDC Proteins - Agents of Defence, Attack and Invasion

Part of the book series: Subcellular Biochemistry ((SCBI,volume 80))

Abstract

Chlamydiae are obligate intracellular bacterial parasites that infect a wide range of metazoan hosts. Some Chlamydia species are important causes of chronic inflammatory diseases of the ocular, genital and respiratory tracts in humans. Genes located in a variable region of chlamydial genomes termed the plasticity zone are known to be key determinants of pathogenic diversity. The plasticity zone protein CT153, present only in select species, contains a membrane attack complex/perforin (MACPF) domain, which may mediate chlamydial interactions with the host cell. CT153 is present throughout the C. trachomatis developmental cycle and is processed into polypeptides that interact with membranes differently than does the parent protein. Chlamydiae interact extensively with membranes from the time of invasion until they eventually exit host cells, so numerous roles for a MACPF protein in pathogenesis of these pathogens are conceivable. Here, we present an overview of what is known about CT153 and highlight potential roles of a MACPF family protein in a group of pathogens whose intracellular development is marked by a series of interactions with host cell membranes and organelles. Finally, we identify new strategies for identifying CT153 functions made feasible by the recent development of a basic toolset for genetic manipulation of chlamydiae.

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Abbreviations

CDC:

Cholesterol dependent cytolysins

EB:

Elementary body

LGV:

Lymphogranuloma venereum

MACPF:

Membrane attack complex/perforin

MIR:

Mannosyltransferase, inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor, ryanodine receptor

PLD:

Phospholipase D

RB:

Reticulate body

TgPLP1:

Toxoplasma gondii PLP1

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Intracellular Parasites, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, 903 S. 4th Street, Hamilton, MT 59840, USA

    Lacey D. Taylor

  2. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine MS411B, 635 North Barnhill Drive, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA

    David E. Nelson

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  1. Lacey D. Taylor
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Correspondence to Lacey D. Taylor .

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  1. National Institute of Chemistry, Ljubljana, Slovenia, Laboratory for Molecular Biology and Nanobiotechnology, Ljubljana, Slovenia

    Gregor Anderluh

  2. Division of Structural Biology, University of Oxford Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Oxford, United Kingdom

    Robert Gilbert

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Taylor, L.D., Nelson, D.E. (2014). Chlamydial MACPF Protein CT153. In: Anderluh, G., Gilbert, R. (eds) MACPF/CDC Proteins - Agents of Defence, Attack and Invasion. Subcellular Biochemistry, vol 80. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-8881-6_13

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