Abstract
From the Spanish colonial period of the 16th century up to the early 1980s, the traditional policies and processes in the development and maintenance of public places in the Philippines could be considered “uni-dimensional.” Different cities prepared their own plans independently from each other and without national coordination. Each of these local plans had unrelated sections for housing, health, agriculture, etc.l In addition, the planning tools used were often physically-oriented and a physical planner (e.g., an engineer) usually controlled the planning team. Plans were basically graphic presentations of proposed land use zones, beautification projects, or physical infrastructures, with no explanation of how these might be realized socially and financially.2
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Notes
For example, see Local Development Plans of the cities of Mandaluyong, Taguig, and Pozorrubio in the 1980s. These plans were submitted to the national Department of Interior and Local Government for record-keeping only.
For example, see Department of Public Works and Highways, Ten-Year Infrastructure Program ( Manila: DPWH, 1976 ).
These urban problems manifested most clearly in cities within the Metropolitan Manila, such as Makati City and Quezon City.
For example, a National Physical Framework Plan was formulated to rationalize land use to maximize possible social and economic benefits, which was then translated into physical planning by a National Land Use Plan. See National Land Use Committee, National Economic Development Authority, National Physical Framework Plan 1993–2022 ( Manila: NEDA, 1992 ), p. 112.
National Economic Council, Four-Year Development Plan FY 1972–1975 ( Manila: NEC, 1971 ), p. 3.
Executive Order 90 issued by then President Corazon C. Aquino mandated HLUPB to be the sole regulatory body for housing and land development.
Ministry of Human Settlements, Shelter Development Program Secretariat, National Shelter Development Program ( Manila: MHS, 1981 ), p. 3.
The World Bank, World Development Report 1991 (New York: Oxford University Press, 1991 ), pp. 148–157.
Fort Bonifacio Development Corporation, The Fort Bonifacio Brochure ( Manila: FBDC, 1996 ).
World Tourism Organization/Department of Tourism, Master Plan for Tourism Development in the Philippines ( Madrid: UNDP, 1991 ), p. 44.
Alex Ramon Q. Cabanilla, “Creating Our Future Together — The Physical Framework Plan for Metropolitan Manila 1996–2016,” a paper presented to the United Architects of the Philippines, Diliman Chapter, 1996.
See “Presidential Decree 1308: Regulating the Practice of the Profession of Environmental Planning in the Philippines.”
Department of Interior and Local Government, National Economic Development Authority, League of Provinces, Municipalities and Liga ng mga Barangay, Guidebook 1 — Local Development Plan ( Manila: USAID, 1994 ), pp. 4–5.
National Land Use Committee, National Economic Development Authority, National Physical Framework Plan 1993–2022 (Manila: NEDA, 1992), p. vi.
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© 2001 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
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Ramos, G.C. (2001). Multi-Dimensional Planning and Public Space in the Philippines. In: Miao, P. (eds) Public Places in Asia Pacific Cities. The GeoJournal Library, vol 60. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2815-7_12
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2815-7_12
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