Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Clinical Electroencephalography as an Assessment Method in Psychiatric Practice

  • Chapter
Handbook of Psychiatric Diagnostic Procedures

Abstract

In a historic sense, it is appropriate that a chapter on electroencephalography be included in a volume which concerns diagnostic procedures relevant to psychiatry. This is because Hans Berger, the clinician and scientist whose persevering and sharply focused brilliance led to the science of electroencephalography, was himself a psychiatrist. Perhaps because of this and because he had a profound interest in the relationships between physical and biological variables and psychiatric function, he was able to discern what many others had long failed to see. In their brief but informative history of the origins of electroencephalography [1] the Gibbs’ note that despite the existence of continuing published animal studies of relevance, the possibility that shifting electrical potentials could originate from and be recorded from the human brain went unrecognized for more than 40 years. As early as 1875, Caton [2] was able to document the existence of electrical Potentials derived from the Cortical regions of rabbit and monkey brains and this was later followed by releated reports by Beck[3,4] von Marxow [5].

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Gibbs FA, Gibbs EL: Atlas of Electroencephalography, Vol. 1. Methodology and Controls. Cambridge, MA., Addison-Wesley Press, 1950.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Caton R: The electric currents of the brain. Br Med J 2:278, 1875

    Google Scholar 

  3. Beck A: Die Bestimmung der Localisation der Gehirn-und Fückenmarksfunctionen vermittelst der elektrischen Erscheinungen. Zentralbl F Physiol 4:473–476, 1890

    Google Scholar 

  4. Beck A: Die Ströme der Nervencentren. Zentralbl F Physiol 4:572, 1890

    Google Scholar 

  5. Fleis von Marxow, E: Mittheilung betreffend die Physiologie der Hirnrinde. Zentrabi Physiol 4:437–540, 1890

    Google Scholar 

  6. Beider H: Uber das Elektrenkephalogramm des Menschen: I Mitteilung. Arch F Psychiat 87:527–570, 1929

    Google Scholar 

  7. Cohn R: Clinical Electroencephalography. New York, McGraw-Hill, 1949

    Google Scholar 

  8. Schwab RS: Electroencephalography in Clinical Practice. Philadelphia, W B Saunders, 1951

    Google Scholar 

  9. Strauss H, Ostow M, Greenstein L: Diagnostic Electroencephalography. New York, Gmen & Stratton, 1952

    Google Scholar 

  10. Fois A, Low NL: The Electroencephalogram of the Normal Child. Springfield, IL, Charles C Thomas, 1961

    Google Scholar 

  11. Hill D, Parr G (eds): Electroencephalography. New York, Macmillan Publishing Co, 1963

    Google Scholar 

  12. Hess R: EEG Handbook, Sandoz Monographs. Sandoz Ltd, 1969

    Google Scholar 

  13. Kooi KA: Fundamentals of Electroencephalopaphy. New York, Harper & Row, 1971

    Google Scholar 

  14. Kiloh LG, Momas AJ, Osselton JW: Clinical Electroencephalography, 3rd ed. London, Butterworths, 1972

    Google Scholar 

  15. Craib AR, Perry M: The EEG Handbook, 2nd ed. Beckman Instruments Inc, 1975

    Google Scholar 

  16. Rémond A, Lahy TC, Chatrian GE: Handbook of Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, Vol. 6. The Normal EEG Throughout life. Amsterdam, Elsevier, 1975

    Google Scholar 

  17. Kellaway P, Petersen I (eds): Clinical Electroencephalography of Children. Stockholm, Almquist and Wiksell, 1980

    Google Scholar 

  18. Klass DW, Daly DD: Current Practice of Clinical Electroencephalography. New York, Raven Press, 1979

    Google Scholar 

  19. Fischer MH: Elektrobiologische Auswirkungen von Krampfgiften an Zentralnerven System. Med Klin 29:15–19, 1933

    Google Scholar 

  20. Gibbs FA, Davis H, Lennox WG: The electroencephalogram in epilepsy and in conditions of impaired consciousness. Arch Neurol Psychiat 34:1133–1148, 1935

    Google Scholar 

  21. Walter WG: The location of cerebral tumours by electroencephalopaphy. Lancet 2:305–308, 1936

    Google Scholar 

  22. Maean PB: A new nasopharyngeal lead. Blectroenceph Clin Nenrophyäol 1:110–112, 1949

    Google Scholar 

  23. Arellano AP: A tympanic lead. Electroeaceph Oin Nenrophysiol 1:112–113, 1949

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Lennox M, Ruch TC: Ventricular electroemceplialography-description of tedwdque. J Nei”osuig 3:219–222, 1946

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Walter WG, Dovey VJ: Electroencephalography in cases of sub-cortical tianor. Neurosurg Psych 7:57–65, 1944

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Gibbs FA, Gibbs IL: Atlas of Electroencephalography, Vol. 2. Epilepsy. Riding, MA, Addison-Wesley, 1952

    Google Scholar 

  27. Ajmone Marsan C, Ateaham K: A seizure atlas. Etectroenceph Clm Neurophysiöl (suppll5), 1960

    Google Scholar 

  28. Gibbs FA, Gibbs EL: Atlas of Electroencephalography, V 3. Neurolopcal and Psychiatric Disorders. Reading, MA, Addison-Westey 1964

    Google Scholar 

  29. Rémond A, Hamer R, Naquet R: Handbook of Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, V 12. Altered States of Consdousness, Coma, Cerebral Deafli, Amsterdam, Elsevier, 1975

    Google Scholar 

  30. Wason WP: The electroencephalopam in endocarine disorders. In Wilson WP (ed): Applications of Electroencephalography in Psychiatry. Durham, NC, Duke Universtiy Press, 1965

    Google Scholar 

  31. Green RL: Hie electroencephalograin in alcohoüsm, toxic psychoses, and infection. In WP Wilson: Applications of Electroencephalopaphy in Psychiatry. Durham, NC, Duke University Press, 1965

    Google Scholar 

  32. Rémond A, Radermecker FJ: Handbook of Electroencephalography and CMnical Neurophysiology, Vol. 15A. Infections and Inflammatory Reactions, Allergy and Allelic Reactions. Degenerative Diseases. Amsterdam, Elsevier 1977

    Google Scholar 

  33. Rémond A, Glaser GH: Handbook of Electroencephalography and Oinical Neurophysiology, V 15C. Metabolic, Endocrine and Toxic Diseases. Amsterdam, Elsevier, 1977

    Google Scholar 

  34. Williams RL, Karacan I, Hursdi CJ: Electroencephalography (EEG) of Human Sleep: Clinical Apcations. New York, John Wiley & Sons, 1974

    Google Scholar 

  35. Fink M, Foster FG, Kupfer DJ, et al: EEG sleep diagnosis of medical disease in depression. Neuropsychobiology 3:167–178, 1977

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Neil JF, Merikangas JR, Foster FG, et al: Waking and all-night sleep EEG’s in anorexia nervosa. Clin Electroenceph 11:9–15, 1980

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Akiskal HS, Rosenthal TL, Haykal RF, et al: Characterological depressions: Clinical and sleep EEG findings separating “subaffective dysrhythmias” from “character spectrum disorders.” Arch Gen Psych 37:777–783, 1980

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Feinberg M, Gillin JC, Carroll BJ, et al: EEG studies of sleep in the diagnosis of depression. Biol Psych 17:305–315, 1982

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Itil TM: Electroencephalography in psychiatry. In HCB Denber (ed): Psychopharmacological Treatment-Theory and Practice. New York, Marcel Dekker, 1975

    Google Scholar 

  40. Itil TM: Computer-analyzed electroencephalogram to predict the therapeutic outcome in schizophrenia. In CF Baxter, T Melnechuk (eds): Perspectives in Schizophrenia Research. New York, Raven Press, 1980

    Google Scholar 

  41. Itil TM: The use of electroencephalography in the practice of psydiiatry. Psychosomatics 23:799–813, 1982

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Cohen D: Magnetoencephalography: Evidence of magnetic fields produced by alpha-rhythm currents. Science 161:784–786, 1968

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Reite M, Zimmerman JE, Edrich J, et al: The human magnetoencephalogram: Some EEG and related correlations. Electroenceph Clin Neurophysiol 40: 59–66, 1976

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Hughes JR, Hendrix DE, Cohen J: Relationship of the magnetoencephalogram to the electroencephalogram: Normal wake and sleep activity. Electroenceph Clin Neurophysiol 40:261–278, 1976

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Barth DS, Sutheng W, Engel J, et al: Neuromagnetic localization of epileptiform spike activity in the human brain. Science 218:891–894, 1982

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Glaser GH: The normd electroencephalogram and its reactivity. In GH Glaser (ed): EEG and Behavior. New York, Basic Books, 1963

    Google Scholar 

  47. Abraham A, Ajmone Marsaw C: Patterns of cortical discharges and their relation to routine scalp electroencephalography. Electroenceph Clin Neurophysiol 10:447–461, 1958.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. Heath RG, Mckle WA: Evaluation of 7 years experience with depth electrode studies in human patients. IN ER Hamey, DS O’Doherty (eds): Electrical Studies on the Unanesthetized Brain. New York, Paul B Hoeber, 1960

    Google Scholar 

  49. Walter WG, Crow HJ: Depth recording from the human brain. Electroenceph Clin Neurophysiol 16:68–72, 1964

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Cooper R, Winter AL, Crow JH, et al: Comparison of subcortical, cortical and scalp activity using chronically indwelling electrodes in man. Electroenceph Chn Neurophysiol 18:217–228, 1975

    Google Scholar 

  51. Heath RG: Depth recording and stimulation studies in patients. In A Winter (ed): The Surgical Control of Behavior: A Symposium. Springfield, IL, Charles C Thomas, 1971

    Google Scholar 

  52. Heath RG: Brain function and behavior. J Nerv Ment Dis 160:159–175, 1975

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Gloor P: Contributions of electroencephalography to the neurosurgical treatment of the epilepsdes. In DP Purpura, JK Penry, RD Walter (eds): Neurosurgical Management of the Epilepsies. Adv Neurol 8:59–105, 1975

    Google Scholar 

  54. Olivier A, Gloor P, Andermann F, et al: Occipitotemporal epilepsy studied with stereotaxically implanted depth electrodes and successfully treated by temporal resection. Ann Neurol 11:428–432, 1982

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. Spencer SS, Spencer DD, Williamson PD, et al: The localizing value of depth electroencephalography in 32 patients with refractory epilsepy. Ann Neurol 12:248–253, 1982

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. Lion KS, Winter DF, Levin E: Electrical activity of the brain measured in the frequency range above 200 cycles per second. Electroenceph Clin Neurophysiol 2:205–208, 1950

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. Farina M, Veten L: Oscillographic recording of high frequency waves (50–500 cps) over the human scalp Electroenceph Clin Neurophyaol 7:455, 1955

    Google Scholar 

  58. Rodin E, Wasson S, Porzak J, et al: High frequency cerebral electrical activity during various behavioral states. Electroenceph Qin Neurophysiol 14: 453–464, 1962

    Google Scholar 

  59. Hall RA, Yeager C, Yarbrough RB: Observations on high frequency electroencephalograms. Electroenceph Clin Neurophysiol 22:262–265, 1967

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. Dawson WW, Stewart HL, Perry NW, et al: Pooling of visual evoked signals from humans: A demonstration of components above 100 Hz. Nature 220: 980–984, 1968

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. Itil TM, Ulett, GA, Hsu W, et al: The effects of smoking withdrawal on quantitatively analyzed EEG. Clin Electroenceph 2:44–51, 1971

    Google Scholar 

  62. Conrin J: The EEG effects of tobacco smoking-a review. Clin Electroenceph 11:180–187, 1980

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  63. EUingson RJ: The limitations of electroencephalography. In JW Prescott, MS Read, DB Coursin (eds): Brain Function and Malnutrition: Neuropsychologicd Methods of Assessment. New York, John Wiley & Sons, 1975

    Google Scholar 

  64. Solomon S: Neurological evaluation. In HI Kaplan, AM Freedman, BM Sadodc (eds): Comprehensive Textbook of Psychiatri, Vol. 1, 3rd ed. Baltimore, Williams & Wilkins, 1980

    Google Scholar 

  65. Martinius J, Matthes A, Lombrosco CT: Electroencephalographic features in posterior fossa tumors in children. Electroenceph Clin Neurophysiol 25: 128–139, 1968

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. Velsaco M, Zenteno-Alaniz G: Significance of EEG signs in the diagnosis of 136 intraoranial neoplasma verified histologically. Clin Electroenceph 2:65–77, 1971

    Google Scholar 

  67. Decker DA, Knott JR: The EEG m intrinsic supratentorial brain tumors: A comparative eviduation. Electroenceph Clin Neurophysiol 33:303–310, 1972

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  68. Tucker RP, Kooi KA, Newkink TA, et al: A comparative study of the EEG in patients with Parkinson’s disease with and without dementia. Clin Electroenceph 3:152–159, 1972

    Google Scholar 

  69. Farrell DF: The EEG in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Electroenceph Clin Neurophysiol 26:200–205, 1969

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. Graebner RW, Celsia GG: EEG findings in hydrocephalus and their relation to shunting procedures. Electroenceph Qin Neurophysiol 35:517–521, 1973

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  71. Elwan O, Taber Y, Barradah O: Electroencephalographic chaiges in chronic cerebrovascular occlusive disorders. Clin Electroenceph 5:92–102, 1974

    Google Scholar 

  72. Blum RH: A note on the reliability of electroencephalographi judgments. Neurol 4:143–146, 1954

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  73. Houfek EE, EUingson RJ: On the reliability of clinical EEG interpretation. J Nerv Ment Dis 128:425–437, 1959

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  74. Walker AE, Jablon S: A followp study of head wounds in World War IL VA Medici Monograph, Washington DC, US Government Printing Office 1961

    Google Scholar 

  75. Little SC, Raffel SC: Intra-rater reliability of EEG interpretations. J Nerv Ment Dis 135:77–81, 1962

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  76. Woody RH: Intra-judge reliability in clirdcal electroencephalography. J Clin Psychol 22:150–154, 1966

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  77. Woody RH: Inter-judge reliability in clinical electroencephalography. J Clin Psychol 24:251–256, 1968

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  78. Volavka J, Matousek M, Roubicek J, et al: The reliability of visual EEG assessment. Electroenceph Clin Neurophysiol 31:294, 1970

    Google Scholar 

  79. Majkowski J, et al: Reliability of electroencephalography. Polish Med J 10: 1223–1229, 1971

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  80. Rose SW, Penry Jk, White BG, et al: Reliability and validity of visual EEG assessment on third grade children. Oin Electroenceph 4:197–205, 1973

    Google Scholar 

  81. Struve FA, Becka DR, Green MA, et al: Reliability of clinical interpretation of the electroencephalogram. Clin Electroenceph 6:54–60, 1975

    Google Scholar 

  82. Small JG, Milstein V, Dyer MK, et al: Electroencephalographic (EEG) and clinical studies of early infantile autism, din Electroenceph 8:27–35, 1977

    Google Scholar 

  83. Wayne HL, Shapiro AK, Shapiro E: Gilles de la Tourette’s syndrome: Electroencephalographic investigation and clinical correlation. Clin Electroenceph 3: 160–168, 1972

    Google Scholar 

  84. Hooshmand H: A look at the EEG report, din Electroenceph 9:118–123, 1978

    Google Scholar 

  85. Small JG: The six per second spike and wave-a psychiatric population study. Electroenceph Clin Neurophysiol 24:561–568, 1968

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  86. Small JG: Small sharp spikes in a psychiatric population. Arch Gen Psych 22:227–284, 1970

    Google Scholar 

  87. Small JG, Sharpley P, Small IF: Positive spikes, spike-wave phantoms, and psychomotor variants: A survey of the EEG patterns in psychiatric patients. Arch Gen Psych 18:232–238, 1968

    Google Scholar 

  88. Struve FA, Pike LE, Ross DC: Consistency of EEG abnormality over time: A test-retest reliability approach with psychiatric patients, din Electroenceph 10:96–104, 1979

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  89. Bergman PS, Green MA: The use of electroencephalography in differentiating psychogenic disorders and organic brain diseases. Am J Psych 113:27–31, 1956

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  90. Hanretta AG: Psychiatric utilization of electroencephalography. Dis Nerv Syst 26:409–417, 1965

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  91. Wender PH: Minimal Brain Dysfunction in Chüdren. New York, John Wiley & Sons, 1971

    Google Scholar 

  92. Satterfield JH: EEG issues in chidren with minimal brain dysfunction. Semin Psych 5:35–46, 1973

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  93. Kolb LC, Brodie HKH: Modem Clinical Psychiatry, Philadelphia, WB Saunders, 1982

    Google Scholar 

  94. Ellingson RJ: The incidence of EEG abnormality among patients with mental disorders of apparentiy nonorganic origin: A critical review. Am J Psych 111: 263–275, 1954

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  95. Wüliams D: The significance of an abnormal electroencephalogram. J Neurol Psych 4:257–267, 1941

    Google Scholar 

  96. Finley KH, Cambell CM: Electroencephalography in schizophrenia. Am J Psych 98:374–381, 1941

    Google Scholar 

  97. Silverman D: The electroencephalogram of criminals: Analyses of four hundred and eleven cases. Arch Neurol Psych 52:38–42, 1944

    Google Scholar 

  98. Rossen R, Gordon M: Electroencephalographic findings in a naval “control” group of 200 men. Dis Nerv Syst 8:373–378, 1947

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  99. Hill D: EEG in episodic psychotic and psychopathic behavior: A classification of data. Electroenceph din Neurophysiol 4:419–442, 1952

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  100. Buchthal F, Lennox M: The EEG of metrazol and photic stimulation of 682 normal subjects. Electroenceph CMn Neurophysiol 5:545–558, 1953

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  101. Moore FJ, Kellaway P, Kagawa N: Metrazol activation as a diagnostic adjunct in electroencephalography-a réévaluation. Neurol 4:325–338, 1954

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  102. Blanc C, Lontaine E, Laplane R: Meaning and value of EEG in aeronautical medicine. Aerospace Med 35:249–256, 1964

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  103. Kitamura K, Asakura T: Clinical significance of spike and sharp wave in EEG (abstract). Electroenceph Clin Neurophysiol (suppl 12): 16, 1958

    Google Scholar 

  104. O’Connor P: Analysis of 500 routine EEG’s of R.A.F. aircrew cadets (abstract). Electroenceph din Neurophysiol 17:341, 1964

    Google Scholar 

  105. Romain LF: An electroencephalographic study of flying personnel utiliaing nasopharyngeal electrodes. Aerospace Med 40:1385–1387, 1969

    Google Scholar 

  106. Pacheco e Silva A: Value of the electroencephalogram in the selection of 1, 000 aviators. Clin Electroenceph 8:150–154, 1977

    Google Scholar 

  107. Secunda L, Finley HK: Electroencephalographic studies in children presenting behavior disorders. N Engl J Med 226:850–854, 1942

    Google Scholar 

  108. Henry CE: Electroencephalograms of normal children. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, Vol DC, Serial No. 39, No. 3. Washington, DC, National Research Council, 1944

    Google Scholar 

  109. Gottlieb JS, Knott JR, Ashby MC: Electroencephalographic evaluation of primly behavior disorders in children. Arch Neurol Psych 53:138–143, 1945

    Google Scholar 

  110. Kennard MA, Williner MD: Significance of paroxysmal patterns in electroencephalograms of children without clinical epilepsy. Res Publ Assoc Res Nerv Ment Dis 26:308–327, 1947

    Google Scholar 

  111. Miller CA, Lennox MA: Electroencephalography in behavior problem children. J Pediatr 33:753–760, 1948

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  112. Brandt S, Brandt H: The electroencephalographic patterns in young healthy children from 0 to five years of age. Acta Psychiatr Neurol Scand 30:77–89, 1955

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  113. Taterka JH, Katz J: Study of correlations between electroencephalographic and psychological patterns in emotionally disturbed children. Psychosom Med 17:62–72, 1955

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  114. White FT, Dyer W, Dyer M: EEG abnormalties in early childhood schozophrenia: A double-blind study of psychiatrically disturbed and normal children during promazine sedation. Am J Psych 120:950–958, 1964

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  115. Hütt SJ, Hütt C, Lee D, et al: A behavioral and electroencephalographic study of autistic children. J Psychiatr Res 3:181–197, 1965

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  116. Whitehouse D, Pappas JA, Escala PH, et al: Electroencephalographic changes in children with migraine. N Engl J Med 276:23–27, 1967

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  117. Small JG: Epileptiform electroencephalographic abnormalities in mentally ill children. J Nerv Ment Dis 147:341–348, 1968

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  118. Stevens JR, Sachdev K, Milstein V: Behavior disorders of childhood and the electroencephalogram. Arch Neurol 18:160–177, 1968

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  119. Capute AJ, Niedermeyer E, Richardson F: The electroencephalogram in children with minimal cerebral dysfunction. Pediatr 41:1104–1114, 1968

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  120. Gubbay SS, Lobascher M, Kingerlee P: A neurological appraisal of autistic children: Results of a western Australian survey. Dev Med Child Neurol 12: 422–429, 1970

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  121. Small JG: EEG and neurophysiological studies of early infantile autism. Biol Psych 10:385–397, 1975

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  122. Small JG, Milstein V, Jay S: Clinical EEG studies of short and long term stimulant drug therapy of hyperkinetic children. Clin Electroenceph 9:186–194, 1978

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  123. Thomer MW: Procurement of Electroencephalographic Tracings in 100 Flying Cadets for Evaluating the Gibbs Technique in Relation to Flying Ability. USAF School of Aviation Research Report No. 7–1, 1942

    Google Scholar 

  124. Herrlin KN: EEG with photic stimulation: A study of children with manifest or suspected epilepsy. Electroenceph Clin Neurophysiol 6:573–589, 1954

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  125. Corbin HPF, Bickford RG: Studies of the electroencephalogram of normal children: Comparison of visual and automatic frequency analyses. Electroenceph din Neurophysiol 7:15–28, 1955

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  126. Maulsby RL, Kaway P, Graham M, et al: The Normative Electroencephalographic Data Reference library. Final Report, Contract NAS 9–1200. Washington, DC, NASA, 1968

    Google Scholar 

  127. Bennett DR: Spike-wave complexes in “normal” flying personnel. Aerospace Med 38:1276–1282, 1967

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  128. Doose H, Gerken H, Völzke E: Genetics of centrencephalic epilepsy in ldhood. Epilepsia 9:107, 1968

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  129. Eeg-Olofsson O, Petersén I, Sellden U: The development of the electroencephalogram in normal children from the age of 1 through 15 years: Paroxysmal activity. Neuropäediatrie 2:375–404, 1971

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  130. Chamberlain GHA, Russell JG: The EEGs of the relatives of schizophrenics. J Ment Sci 98:654–659, 1952

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  131. Rodin E: Metrazol tolerance in a “normal” volunteer population: An investigation of the potential significance of abnormal findings. Electroenceph Clin Neurophysiol 10:433–446, 1958

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  132. Stevens JR: All that spikes is not fits. In C Shagass, S Gershon, AJ Friedhoff (eds): Psychopathology and Brain Dysfunction. New York, Raven Press, 1977

    Google Scholar 

  133. O’Connor PJ: The value of routine electroencephalography. Practitioner 211:178–181, 1973

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  134. Kooi KA, Güvener AM, Tupper CJ, et al: Electroencephalographic patterns of the temporal region in normal adidts. Neurol 14:1029–1035, 1964

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  135. Cure C, Rasmussen T, Jasper H: Activation of seizures and electroencephalographic disturbances in epileptic and in control subjects with “metrazol.” Arch Neurol Psych 59:691–717, 1948

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  136. Chatrian GE: Paroxysmal patterns in “normal” subjects. in A Rémond, GC Lairy (eds): Handbook of Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, Vol: 6. The Normal EEG Throughout Life. Amsterdam, Elsevier, 1976

    Google Scholar 

  137. Petersén I, Eeg-Olofsson O, Selldén U: Paroxysmal activity in EEG of normal children. in P Kellaway, I Petersén (eds): Clinical Electroencephalography of Children. Stockholm, Almquist & Wiksell, 1968

    Google Scholar 

  138. Petersén I, Eeg-Olofsson O: The development of the EEG in normal children from the age of 1 through 15 years: Nonparoxysmal activity. Neuropäediatrie 3:277–304, 1971

    Google Scholar 

  139. Eeg-Olofsson O: The development of the EEG in normal young persons from the age of 16 to 21 years. Neuropäediatrie 3:11–45, 1971

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  140. Smaü JG, Sharpley P, Smaü IF; EEG abnormalities in functional mental disorders. Electroenceph Clin Neurophysiol 23:77–97, 1967

    Google Scholar 

  141. Low MD: Evaluation of pisychiatric disorders and the effects of psychotherapeutic and psychotomimetic agents. In DW Klass, DD Daly (eds): Current Practice of CHnical Electroencephalography. New York, Raven Press, 1979

    Google Scholar 

  142. Keitner G, Grof P: The routine EEG-How is it used in clinical practice? Psychiatr J Univ Ottawa 6:144–148, 1981

    Google Scholar 

  143. Itil TM: The use of electroencephalography in the practice of psychiatry. Psychosom 23:799–813, 1982

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  144. Keschner M, Bender MB, Strauss I: Mental symptoms in cases of timior of the temporal lobe. Arch Neurol Psych 35:572–596, 1936

    Google Scholar 

  145. Strauss I, Keschner M: Mental symptoms in cases of tumor of the frontal lobes. Arch Neurol Psych 33:986–1005, 1935

    Google Scholar 

  146. Keschner M, Bender MB, Strauss I: Mental symptoms in cases of subtentorial tumor. Arch Neurol Psych 37:1–15, 1937

    Google Scholar 

  147. Soniat TLL: Psychiatric symptoms associated with intracranial neoplasms. Am J Psych 108:19–22, 1951

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  148. Mulder DW, Daly D: Psychiatric symptoms associated with lesions of the temporal lobe. JAMA 150:173–176, 1952

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  149. Waggoner RW, Bagchi BK: Initial masking of organic brain changes by psychic symptoms: Clinical and electroencephalographic studies. Am J Psych 110:904–910, 1954

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  150. Strauss H: Intracranial neoplasms masked as depression and diagnosed with the aid of electroencephalography. J Nerv Ment Dis 112:185–189, 1955

    Google Scholar 

  151. Remington FB, Rubert SL: Why patients with brain tumors come to a psychiatric hospital. Am J Psych 119:256–257, 1962

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  152. Malamud N: Psychiatric disorder with intracranial tumors of the limbic system. Arch Neurol 17:113–123, 1967

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  153. Struve FA: The necessity and value of securing routine electroencephalograms in psychiatric patients: A preliminary report on the issue of referrals. Clin Electroenceph 7:115–130, 1976

    Google Scholar 

  154. Struve FA: Clinical EEG assessment of hospitalized psychiatric patients: An empirical contrast of selective referral versus routine screening in detection of covert disease. Psychiatric Medicine (in press)

    Google Scholar 

  155. Hess R (ed): Brain tumors and other space occupying processes. In: Handbook of Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurology, Vol. 14. Amsterdam, Elsevier, 1975

    Google Scholar 

  156. Kirstein L: The occurrence of sharp waves, spikes and fast activity in supratentorial tumours. Electroenceph din Neurophysiol 5:33–40, 1953

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  157. Walter WG: Traumatic extradural haemorrhage: Clinical application of electroencephalography. Bristol Med Chir J 57:86–90, 1940

    Google Scholar 

  158. Jasper HH, Kershman J, Elvidge A: Electroencephalographic studies of injury to the head. Arch Neurol Psych 4:328–350, 1940

    Google Scholar 

  159. Friedlander WJ: Clinical evaluation of focal depression of voltage in electroencephalography. Neurol 4:752–761, 1954

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  160. Whittier JR: Hereditary Chorea (Huntington’s Chorea): A paradigm of brain dysfunction with psychopahtology. In C Shagass, S Gershon, AJ Friedhoff (eds): Psychopathology and Brain Dysfunction. New York, Raven Press, 1977

    Google Scholar 

  161. Anderman F, Robb JP: Absence status: A reappraisal following review of thirty eight patients. Epüepsia 13:177–189, 1972

    Google Scholar 

  162. Niedermeyer E, Khalifeh R: Petit mal status (“spike-wave stupor”). Epilepsia 6:250–262, 1965

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  163. Goldman JW, Glatstein G, Adams AH: Adult onset absence status: A report of six cases. Clin Electroenceph 12:199–204, 1981

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  164. Anderson RL, Vanderspek HG: Psychomotor variant status epilepticus. Clin Electroenceph 5:129–132, 1974

    Google Scholar 

  165. Wells CE: Transient ictal psychosis. Arch Gen Psych 32:1201–1203, 1975

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  166. Weissberg MP: A case of petit mal status: A diagnostic dilemma. Am J Psych 132:1200–1201, 1975

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  167. Jovanovic UJ: Psychomotor Epüepsy: A Polydimensional Study. Springfield, IL, Charles C Thomas, 1974

    Google Scholar 

  168. Waxman SG, Geschwind N: The interictal behavior syndrome of temporal lobe epüepsy. Arch Gen Psych 32:1580–1586, 1975

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  169. Geschwind N, Shader, RI, Bear D, et al: Behavioral changes with temporal lobe epilepsy: Assessment and treatment. J Oin Psych 41:89–95, 1980

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  170. Lutz EG: Electroencephalography in psychiatry. Front Psych 12:13–14, 1982

    Google Scholar 

  171. Currie S, Heathfield JWG, Henson RA, et al: Clinical course and prognosis of temporal lobe epilepsy. A survey of 666 patients. Brain 94:173–190, 1971

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  172. Davies RK, Neil JF, Himmelhocli JM: Cerebral dysrhythmias in schizophrenics receiving phenothiazines: Clinical correlates. Clin Electroenceph 6:103–115, 1975

    Google Scholar 

  173. Neil JF, Merikangas JR, Davies RK, et al: Validity and clinical utility of neuroleptio-fadlitated electroencephalography in psychotic patients. Clin Electroenceph 9:38–48, 1978

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  174. Struve FA: Paroxysmal EEG dyarhythmks in psychiatric patients-do they indicate vulnerability to side effects? Presented at the Third World Congress of Biological Psychiatry, Stockholm, June 28-July 3, 1981

    Google Scholar 

  175. Itil TM, Soldatos C: Eeptogenic side effects of psychotropic drugs. JAMA 344:1460–1463, 1980

    Google Scholar 

  176. Rifkin A, Quirin F, Kane J, et al: Are prophylactic antiparkinson drugs necessary? A controlled study of procyclidine withdrawal. Arch Gen Psych 35:483–489, 1978

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  177. Struve FA, Ramsey PP, Willner AE, et al: Neuropsychological and electroencephalographic correlates of neuroleptic induced involuntary movements: Implications for tardive dyácinesia. In RN Malatesha, LC Hartlage (eds): Neuropsychology and Cognition, Vol. 2. The Hague, Martinus Njjhoff, 1982

    Google Scholar 

  178. Fader BW, Struve FA: The possible value of the electroencephalogram in detecting subclinical hypothyroidism associated with agitated depression: A case study. Clin Electroenceph 3:94–101, 1972

    Google Scholar 

  179. Muniz C, Forman AJ, Wilder BJ, et al: lithium toxicity with low serum levels: Report of a case. Clin Electroenceph 7:31–34, 1976

    Google Scholar 

  180. Wilder BJ: Drug action and correlation with blood levels in the EEQ. Clin Electroenceph 5:160–171, 1974

    Google Scholar 

  181. Monore RR: Episodic behavioral disorders-schizophrenia or epilepsy. Arch Gesych 1:205–214, 1959

    Google Scholar 

  182. Monroe RR, Mickel W: Alpha chloralose-activated electroencephalograms in psychiatric patients. J Nerv Ment Dis 144:59–68, 1967

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  183. Monroe R: Episodic Behavior Disorders: A Psychodynamic and Neurophysiologic Analysis, Cambridge, Harvard Universtiy Press, 1970

    Google Scholar 

  184. Mark V, Ervin F: Violence and The Brain. New York, Harper & Row, 1970

    Google Scholar 

  185. Maletzky BM: The episodic dyscontrol syndrome. Dis Nerv Syst 34:178–185, 1973

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  186. Stevens J, Milstein V: Severe psychiatric disorders of childhood: Electroencephalopam and clinical correlates. Am J Dis Child 120:182–192, 1970

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  187. Bach-y-Rita G, lion JR, et al: Episodic dyscontrol: A study of 130 violent patients. Am J Psych 127:1473–1478, 1971

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  188. Struve FA, Saraf KR, Arkos RS, et al: Relationship between paroxysmal electroencephalopaphic dysrhythniia and suicide ideation and attempts in psychiatric patients. In C Shagass, S Gershon, AJ Friedhoff (eds): Psychopathology and Brain Dysfunction, New York, Raven Press, 1977

    Google Scholar 

  189. Andrulonis PA, Donnelly J, Glueck BC, et al: Preliminary data on ethosuximide and the episodic dyscontrol syndrome. Am J Psych 247:1455–1456, 1980

    Google Scholar 

  190. Monroe RR: Neurophysiologic evidence for a “third” psychosis. In C Perris, G Struve, B Jansson (eds): Developments in Psychiatry, Vol. 5. Biological Psychiatry 1981. Amsterdam, Elsevier, 1981

    Google Scholar 

  191. Monroe RR: Episodic dyscontrol. In C Perris, G Struve, B Jansson (eds): Developments in Psychiatiy, Vol. 5. Biological Psychiatry 1981. Amsterdam, Elsevier, 1981

    Google Scholar 

  192. Elliott FA: Episodic dyscontrol: Neurolopcal findings. in C Ferris, G Struwe, B Jansson (eds): Developments in Psychiatry, Vol. 5. Biological Psychiatry 1981. Amsterdam, Elsevier, 1981

    Google Scholar 

  193. Kaway P, Crawley JW, Kagawa N: Paroxysmal pain and autonomic disturbances of cerebral origin: A specific electro-nical syndrome. Epüepsia 1:466–483, 1960

    Google Scholar 

  194. Hughes JR, Means ED, Stell BS: A contred study on the behavior disorders associated with the positive spike phenomenon. Electroenceph Clin Neurophysiol 18:349–353, 1965

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  195. Struve FA, Feigenbaum ZS, Famum CD: Prediction of 14 & 6/sec. positive spikes in EEGs of psychiatric patients, din Electroenceph 3:60–64, 1972

    Google Scholar 

  196. Struve FA, Ramsey PP: Concerning the 14 & 6 per second positive spike cases in post traumatic medical-legal EEGs reported by Gibbs and Gibbs: A stastical commentary. Clin Electroenceph 8:203–205, 1977

    Google Scholar 

  197. Koshitio Y, Niedermeyer E: The clinical significance of sm sharp spikes in the electroencephalogram. Clin Electroenceph 6:131–140, 1975

    Google Scholar 

  198. Fois A, Lippi A: Nonictal symptoms associated with severe electroencephalographic eeptiform abnormalities. Clin Electroenceph 1:22–31, 1970

    Google Scholar 

  199. Small JG, Sm IF, Müstein V: Famüial associations with EEG variants in manic-depressive disease. Arch Gen Psych 32:43–48, 1975

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  200. Hughes JR, Cayaffa JJ: Is the “psychomotor variant-rhythmic mid temporal discharge” an ictal pattern? Clin Electroenceph 4:42–52, 1973

    Google Scholar 

  201. Struve FA, Becka DR, Klein DF: The relationship of the B-Mitten pattern to process and reactive schizophrenia: A recation. Arch Gen Psych 26:189–192, 1972

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  202. Struve FA, Klein DF: Diagnostic implications of the B-Mitten EEG pattern: Relationship to primary and secondary affective dysregulation. Biol Psych 11:599–611, 1976

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  203. Slater E: Diagnosis of “hysteria.” Brit Med J 1:1395–1399, 1965

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  204. Koranyi EK: Morbidity and rate of undiagnosed physical ülness in a psychiatric clinic population. Arch Gen Psych 36:414–419, 1979

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  205. H RCW, Popkin MK, Devaul RA, et al: Physical illness presenting as psychiatric disease. Arch Gen Psych 35:1315–1320, 1978

    Google Scholar 

  206. H RCW, Gardner ER, Stickney SK, et al: Physical ülness manifesting as psychiatric disease II. Analysis of a state hospital inpatient population. Arch Gen Psych 37:989–995, 1980

    Google Scholar 

  207. Tucker GJ, Detre T, Harrow M, et al: Behavior and symptoms of psychiatric patients and the electroencephalogram. Arch Gen Psych 12:278–286, 1965

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  208. Gibbs FA, Novick RG: Electroencephalographic findings among adult patients in a private psychiatric hospital. Clin Electroenceph 8:79–88, 1977

    Google Scholar 

  209. Struve FA: EEG findings detected in routine screening of psychiatric patients -relationship to prior expectation of positive results. Clin Electroenceph 8:47–50, 1977

    Google Scholar 

  210. Struve FA: Utüization of clinical electroencephalographic assessment in the psychiatric hospital: Considerations concerning the issue of routine screening versus selective physician referral. J Psychiatr Treat Eval 2:55–62, 1980

    Google Scholar 

  211. American Electroencephalographic Society Guidelines, in EEG-1976. American Electroencephalographic Society, 1976

    Google Scholar 

  212. Struve FA, Pike LE: Routine admission electroencephalograms of adolescent and adult psychiatric patients awake and asleep. Clin Electroenceph 5:67–72, 1974

    Google Scholar 

  213. Gibbs FA, Gibbs EL: How much do sleep recordings contribute to the detection of seizure activity. Clin Electroenceph 2:169–172, 1971

    Google Scholar 

  214. Mattson RH, Pratt KL, Calverley JR: Electroencephalograms of epileptics following sleep deprivation. Arch Neurol 13:310–315, 1965

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  215. Bancaud J: EEG activation by metrazol and magimide in the diagnosis of epilepsy. In A Rémond (ed): Handbook of Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, Vol. 3D, Amsterdam, Elsevier, 1976

    Google Scholar 

  216. Small JG, Stevens JR, Milstein V: Electro-clinical correlates of emotional activation of the electroencephalogram. J Nerv Ment Dis 138:146–155, 1964

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  217. Simon R, Dito H: Alcohol activation of electroencephalographic abnormalities in persons with a history of violence precipitated by drinking alcoholic beverages. Clin Electroenceph 7:145–148, 1976

    Google Scholar 

  218. Dejesus PV, Masland WS: The role of nasopharyngeal electrodes in clinical electroencephalography. Neurol 20:869–878, 1970

    Google Scholar 

  219. Binnie CD, Maivray BB, Osselton JW: Electrodes and their use. In A Rémond (ed): Handbook of Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, Vol. 3C. Amsterdam, Elsevier, 1976

    Google Scholar 

  220. Struve FA, Feigenbaum ZS: Experience with nasopharyngeal electrode recording with psychiatric patients: A clinical note. Clin Electroenceph 12: 84–88, 1981

    CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. Frederick A. Struve
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1985 Spectrum Publications, Inc.

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Struve, F.A. (1985). Clinical Electroencephalography as an Assessment Method in Psychiatric Practice. In: Handbook of Psychiatric Diagnostic Procedures. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-6728-4_1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-6728-4_1

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-94-011-6730-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-011-6728-4

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation