Abstract
Galaxies have probably been formed from fluctuations in density and motion in the universe. Many cosmologists have suggested that the separation into individual units took place around the time of decoupling of matter and radiation, when the radius of the universe was about 1/1000th of the present radius. In this case the protogalaxies must have obtained their angular momentum at a later stage in their evolution, through interaction with other protogalaxies or with galaxy clusters. For when the radius of the universe was 1/1000th of its present value, and the density about 10−20g cm−3, a mass of, say, 1011M⊙ would have had a radius of 10 cm. A mass with such a radius cannot contain anything like the angular momentum contained in a galaxy like the Milky Way system.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
J.P. Ostriker and P.J.E. Peebles, Astrophys.J. 186, 467, 1973.
Stellar Populations, ed. D.J.K, O’Connell, North-Holland Publ. Co., 1958.
Alan Sandage, The Hubble Atlas of Galaxies, Carnegie Inst. of Washington 1961. Publication 618.
W.W. Morgan, Publ.Astr.Soc.Pacific 70, 364, 1958, and Spiral Structure in External Galaxies, in: I.A.U. Symposium No. 38, The Spiral Structure of our Galaxy, Ed. W.Becker and G. Contopoulos, D. Reidel Publ. Co., Dordrecht, Holland, 1970.
W.W. Morgan and N.U. Mayall, Publ.Astr.Soc.Pacific 69, 291, 1957.
G. and A. de Vaucouleurs, Reference Catalogue of Bright Galaxies, Univ. of Texas Press, Austin, 1964.
C.J. van Houten, Bull.Astr.Inst.Netherlands 16, 1, 1961.
W. Baade and L. Spitzer, Astrophys. J. 113, 413, 1951.
D.S. Mathewson, P.C. van der Kruit and W. Brouw, Astron.Astrophys. 17, 468, 1972.
A.H. Rots and W.W. Shane, Astron. Astrophys. 31, 245, 1974.
C. Balkowski, Astron. Astrophys. 29, 43, 1973.
L. Bottinelli, Astron.Astrophys. 10, 437, 1971.
A.H. Rots, Distribution and Kinematics of Neutral Hydrogen in the Spiral Galaxy M81, Doctor’s thesis, Groningen, 1974.
J.H. Oort, Astron. Astrophys. 7, 381, 1970.
A comprehensive survey has been given by A.M. Hulsbosch, Doctor’s thesis, Leiden, 1972.
R.D. Davies, Nature 237, 88, 1972.
G.L. Verschuur, Astron. Astrophys. 22, 139, 1973.
G.W. Rougoor and J.H. Oort, Proc.Nat.Ac.Washington, D.C. 46, 1, 1960.
P.C. van der Kruit, Astron.Astrophys. 13, 405, 1971.
S.C. Simonson III and G.L. Mader, Astron. Astrophys. 27, 337, 1973.
G.W. Rougoor, Bull.Astr.Inst.Netherlands 17, 381, 1964.
J.H. Oort, in Les Noyaux des Galaxies, ed.D.J.K. O’Connell, Pontif. Ac.Sc. Scripta Varia 35, 1971.
R.H. Sanders and G.T. Wrixon, Astron. Astrophys. 26, 365, 1973.
R.H. Sanders and T. Lowinger, Astron. J. 77, 292, 1972.
Aa. Sandqvist, Astron. J. 75, 135, 1970.
E.E. Becklin and G. Neugebauer, Astrophys. J. 151, 145, 1968.
G.H. Rieke and F.J. Low, Astrophys. J. 184, 415, 1973.
P.C. van der Kruit, J.H. Oort and D.S. Mathewson, Astron. Astrophys. 21, 169, 1972.
G. Courtès and P. Cruvellier, C.R. Acad.Sci. Paris 253, 218, 1961.
G. Courtes, M. Viton and P. Vèron in Quasi-Stellar Sources and Gravitational Collapse, ed. Robinson et al, Univ. of Chicago Press, Chicago, III. 1965.
P.C. van der Kruit, Astrophys. J., 192, 1, 1974.
B. Balick and R.L. Brown, Astrophys.J. 194, in print, 1974.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1975 D. Reidel Publishing Company, Dordrecht, Holland
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Oort, J.H. (1975). Phenomenology of Spiral Galaxies. In: Setti, G. (eds) Structure and Evolution of Galaxies. NATO Advanced Study Institutes Series, vol 21. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-1718-3_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-1718-3_6
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-010-1720-6
Online ISBN: 978-94-010-1718-3
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive