Abstract
Recent observational results (cf. Refs. [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6], in particular results of studies of distant supernovae as standard candles [2, 4, 6] and studies of anisotropy of cosmic microwave background [3], set forth a problem of the cosmological constant once again. The most probable values of ΩM and ΩV, i. e. the normalized ratios (with respect to the critical density) of matter density and cosmological-constant energy density, turned out to be most probably equal to 0.3–0.4 and 0.6–0.7 respectively. By usual definition, ΩM = P M/P cr , Ωv = P v/P cr , where P M is the density of matter, P M is the density of vacuum; the critical density p cr = 3H 2/8πG; H is the Hubble parameter, G is the gravitational constant. According to the observational tests, the sum of ΩM and ΩV seems to be greater than one; this implies that the Universe is closed.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Falco, E.E., Kochanek, C.S., and Munoz, J.A. (1998) Limits on cosmological models from radio-selected gravitational lenses, Astrophys. J. 494, 47–59.
Garnavich, P.M., Jha, S., Challis, P., et al. (1998) Supernova limits on the cosmic equation of state, Astrophys. J. 509, 74–79.
Lineweaver, C.H. (1998) The cosmic microwave background and observational convergence in the Ωm-ΩΛ plane, Astrophys. J. 505, L69–L73.
Riess, A.G., Filippenko, A.V., Challis, P., et al. (1998) Observational evidence from supernovae for an accelerating Universe and a cosmological constant, Astron. J. 116, 1009–1038.
Willick, J.A. and Strauss, M.A. (1998) Maximum likelihood comparison of Tully-Fisher and redshift data. II. Results from an expanded sample, Astrophys. J. 507, 64–83.
Perlmutter, S., Aldering, G., Goldhaber, G., et al. (1999) Measurements of Ω and A from 42 high-redshift supernovae, Astrophys. J. 517, 565–586.
Shevchenko, I.I. (1991) The asymptotic model of the first kind as an alternative to the model with zero cosmological constant, Preprint of the Institute of Theoretical Astronomy of the USSR Academy of Sciences, No. 16 (in Russian).
Shevchenko, I.I. (1993) On verification of the asymptotic model of the first kind, Astrophys. Space Sci. 202, 45 56.
Lightman, A.R, Press, W.H., Price, R.H., and Teukolsky, S.A. (1975) Problem Book in Relativity and Gravitation, Princeton Univ. Press, Princeton.
Carter, B. (1974) Large number coincidences and the anthropic principle in cosmology, in M.S. Longair (ed.), Confrontation of Cosmological Theories with Observational Data (IAU Symp. 63), Reidel, Dordrecht, pp. 291–298.
Carr, B.J. and Rees, M.J. (1979) The anthropic principle and the structure of the physical world, Nature 278, 605–612.
Barrow, J.D. and Tipler, F.J. (1986) The Anthropic Cosmological Principle, Clarendon Press, Oxford.
Gruber, R.P., Wagner, L.F., and Block, R.A. (2000) Subjective time versus proper (clock) time, in R. Buccheri, V. Di Ges and M. Saniga (eds.), Studies on the Structure of Time, Kluwer Academic / Plenum Publishers, New York, pp. 49–63.
Gatlin, L.L. (1972) Information Theory and the Living System, Columbia University Press, New York.
Robertson, H.P. (1933) Relativistic cosmology, Rev. Mod. Phys. 5, 62–90.
Stabell, R. and Refsdal, S. (1966) Classification of general relativistic world models, Monthly Notices Roy. Astron. Soc. 132, 379–388.
Dolgov, A.D., Zel’dovich, Ya.B., and Sazhin, M.V. (1988) Cosmology of the Early Universe, Moscow Univ. Publishers, Moscow (in Russian).
Frieman, J.A. and Waga, I. (1998) Constraints from high redshift supernovae upon scalar field cosmologies, Phys. Rev. D 57, 4642–4650.
Zlatev, I., Wang, L., and Steinhardt, P.J. (1999) Quintessence, cosmic coincidence, and the cosmological constant, Phys. Rev. Letters 82, 896–899.
Haire, E., Nørsett, S.P., and Wanner, G. (1987) Solving Ordinary Differential Equations I. Nonstiff Problems, Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2003 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Shevchenko, I.I. (2003). Conformal Time in Cosmology. In: Buccheri, R., Saniga, M., Stuckey, W.M. (eds) The Nature of Time: Geometry, Physics and Perception. NATO Science Series, vol 95. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0155-7_28
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0155-7_28
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-1-4020-1201-3
Online ISBN: 978-94-010-0155-7
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive