Résumé
Comme le remarque Richardson, ‘c’est la limitation imposée à l’activité philosophique qui est la caractéristique de la philosophie de Wittgenstein que les philosophes contemporains ont le plus de difficultés à accepter’ (Richardson [1], p. 42). D’un bout à l’autre de son itinéraire philosophique, Wittgenstein est resté convaincu que les problèmes philosophiques résultent d’une incompréhension de la ‘logique de notre langage’ et doivent être résolus (ou, plus exactement, éliminés) non pas par des explications scientifiques ou pseudo-scientifiques, mais par une description correcte de cette logique. De ce point de vue, parler d’une ‘philosophie du langage’ de Wittgenstein est certainement trompeur; car son objectif n’était manifestement pas de construire une théorie ou une philosophie du langage, mais uniquement de résoudre des problèmes philosophiques en général, y compris des problèmes de philosophie du langage, par une analyse du fonctionnement de nos expressions linguistiques qui ne présuppose pas, mais au contraire considère a priori comme un obstacle à surmonter, ce qu’on appelle habituellement une ‘philosophie du langage’ ou, plus généralement, ce que nous sommes tentés de dire sur le langage ‘quand nous philosophons’.
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Bibliographie
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Bouveresse, J. (1981). Wittgenstein et la philosophie du langage. In: Fløistad, G., von Wright, G.H. (eds) Tome 1 Philosophie du langage, Logique philosophique / Volume 1 Philosophy of language, Philosophical logic. La philosophie contemporaine: Chroniques nouvelles / Contemporary philosophy: A new survey , vol 1. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-8356-4_5
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