Abstract
During the past 10 years or so there have been widespread studies of maternal, fetal and neonatal endocrine physiology and our knowledge has expanded considerably. This is due in part to the development of sensitive and specific radioimmunoassays and also to the availability and use of radiolabelled hormones. These newly developed techniques have been applied successfully to study human fetuses, some newborn infants and to studies of other primate species. Studies of fetal and neonatal pathology in mothers with endocrine disease have provided important clues not only to normal physiology, but have also given insight as to how these conditions may be treated successfully, thereby reducing maternal and neonatal mortality and morbidity. It is clear that much work still needs to be done, not least because many of the conditions to be described are very rare.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Josimovich, J. B. (1973). The passage of hormones through the placenta. In Handbook of Physiology, Section 7, Vol. 2, Part 2, Female Reproductive System, pp. 277–284.
Gitlin, D., Kumate, J. and Morales, C. (1965). Metabolism and materno-fetal transfer of human growth hormone in the pregnant woman at term. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 25, 1599–1608
King, K. C., Adam, P. A. J., Schwartz, R. and Teramo, K. (1971). Human placental transfer of human growth hormone-I125. Pediatrics, 48, 534–539
Miyakawa, I., Ikeda, I. and Maeyama, M. (1974). Transport of ACTH across the human placenta. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 39, 440–442
Roti, E., Gnudi, A. and Braverman, L. E. (1983). The placental transport, synthesis and metabolism of hormones and drugs which affect thyroid function. Endocr. Rev 4, 131–119
Chard, T., Hudson, C. N., Edwards, C. R. W. and Boyd, M. R. H. (1971). Release of oxytocin and vasopressin by the human foetus during labour. Nature (London), 234, 352–353
Wolf, H., Sabata, V., Frerichs, H. and Stubbe, P. (1969). Evidence for the impermeability of the human placenta for insulin. Horm. Metab. Res., 1, 274–275
Adam, P. A.J., Teramo, K., Raiha, N., Gitlin, D. and Schwartz, R. (1969). Human fetal insulin metabolism early in gestation. Response to acute elevation of the fetal glucose concentration and placental transfer of human insulin I131. Diabetes 18 409–416
Adam, P. A. J., King, K. C., Schwartz, R. and Teramo, K. (1971). Human placental barrier to 125I-glucagon early in gestation. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 34, 772–782
Kaplan, S. L., Grumbach, M. M. and Aubert, M. L. (1976). The ontogenesis of pituitary hormones and hypothalamic factors in the human fetus: maturation of central nervous system regulation of anterior pituitary functions. Recent Prog. Horm Res., 32, 161–243
Reynolds, J. W. (1976). Feto-placental and neonatal steroid endocrinology. In Smith, C. A. and Nelson, N. M. (eds.) The Physiology of the Newborn Infant. 4th Edn., pp. 664–735. ( Springfield, Illinois: Charles C. Thomas )
Erenberg, A., Phelps, D. L., Lamb, R. and Fisher, D. A. (1974). Total and free thyroxine and triiodothyronine concentrations in the newborn period. Pediatrics, 53 211–216
Sack, J., Fisher, D. A. and Wang, C. C. (1976). Serum thyrotropin, prolactin and growth hormone levels during the early neonatal period in the human infant J. Pediatr., 89, 298–300
Delivoria Papadopoulos, M., Battaglia, F. C., Bruns, P. D. and Meschia, G. (1967). Total, protein-bound and ultra filterable calcium in maternal and fetal plasmas. Am. J. Physiol., 213, 363–366
David, L. and Anast, C. S. (1974). Calcium metabolism in newborn infants. J. Clin. Invest., 54, 287–296
Solomon, S. and Friesen, H. G. (1968). Endocrine relations between mother and fetus. Annu. Rev. Med., 19, 399–430
Bashore, R. A., Smith, F. and Gold, E. M. (1970). Placental transfer and metabolism of 4-14C-cortisol in the pregnant monkey. Nature (London), 228, 774–775
Beard, R. W. (1962). Response of the human foetal heart and maternal circulation to adrenaline and noradrenaline. Br. Med. J., 1, 443–446
Sandier, M., Ruthven, C. R. J., Contractor, S. F., Wood, C., Booth, R. T. and Pinkerton, J. H. M. (1963). Transmission of noradrenaline across the human placenta. Nature (London), 197, 598
Fisher, D. A., Lehman, H. and Lackey, C. (1964). Placental transport of thyroxine. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 24, 393–400
Raiti, S., Holzman, C. B., Scott, R. L. and Blizzard, R. M. (1967). Evidence for the placental transfer of triiodothyronine in human beings. N. Engl. J. Med., 277, 456–459
Fisher, D. A. (1979). Fetal endocrinology: endocrine disease and pregnancy. In DeGroot, L. J., Cahill, G. F., Martini, L., Nelson, D. H., Odell, W. D., Potts, J. T., Steinberger, E. and Winegrad, A. I. (eds.) Endocrinology, pp. 1649–1663. ( New York: Grune and Stratton )
Ludwig, G. D. (1962). Hyperparathyroidism in relation to pregnancy. N. Engl. J. Med., 267, 637–642
Fisher, D. A. (1976). Endocrine physiology II. In Smith, C. A. and Nelson, N. M. (eds.) The Physiology of the Newborn Infant. 4th Edn., pp. 624–641. ( Springfield, Illinois: Charles C. Thomas )
Pedersen, N. T. and Permin, H. (1975). Hyperparathyroidism in pregnancy. Acta Obstet. Gynaecol. Scand., 54, 281–283
Better, O. S., Levi, J., Greif, E., Tuma, S., Gellei, B. and Erlik, D. (1973). Prolonged neonatal parathyroid suppression. Arch. Surg., 106, 722–724
Menko, F. H., Bijvoet, L. M., Fronen, J. L. H. H., Sandier, L. M., Adami, S., O’Riordan, J. L. H., Schopman, W. and Heynen, G. (1983). Familial benign hypercalcemia. Q. J. Med., 52, 120–140
Matsuo, M., Okita, K., Takemine, H. and Fujita, T. (1982). Neonatal primary hyperparathyroidism in familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia. Am. J. Dis. Child., 136, 728–731
Marx, S. J., Attie, M. F., Spiegel, A. M., Levine, M. A., Lasker, R. D. and Fox, M. (1982). The association between neonatal severe primary hyperparathyroidism and familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia in three kindreds. N. Engl. J. Med., 306, 257–264
Sopwith, A. M., Burns, C., Grant, D. B., Taylor, G. W., Wolf, E. and Besser, G. M. (1984). Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcaemia: association with neonatal primary hyperparathyroidism, and possible linkage with HLA haplotype. Clin. Endocrinol. (In press)
Bongiovanni, A. M. and McPadden, A. J. (1960). Steroids during pregnancy and possible fetal consequences. Fertil. Steril., 11, 181–186
Kulin, H. E., Metzl, K. and Peterson, R. (1966). Urinary tetrahydrocortisone and tetrahydrocortisol in infants born of mothers treated with corticosteroids during pregnancy. J. Pediatr., 69, 648–651
Grimes, E. M., Fayez, J. A. and Miller, G. L. (1973). Cushing’s syndrome and pregnancy. Obstet. Gynecol., 42, 550–559
Kreines, K. and De Vaux, W. D. (1971). Neonatal adrenal insufficiency associated with maternal Cushing’s syndrome. Pediatrics, 47, 516–519
Schenker, J. G. and Chowers, I. (1971). Pheochromocytoma and pregnancy. Obstet. Gynecol. Sum., 26, 739–747
Selenkow, H. A. (1975). In Fisher, D. A. and Burrow, G. N. (eds.) Perinatal Physiology and Disease, pp. 145–161. ( New York: Raven Press )
Whitworth, A. S., Midgley J. E. M. and Wilkins, T. A. (1982). A comparison of free T4 and the ratio of total T4 to T4-binding globulin in serum through pregnancy Clin. Endocrinol., 17, 307–313
Franklyn, J. A., Sheppard, M. C. and Ramsden, D. B. (1983). Serum free thyroxine and free triiodothyronine concentrations in pregnancy. Br. Med. J., 287, 394
Hershman, J. M., Kenimer, J. G., Higgins, P. and Patillo, R. A. (1975). Placental thyrotropins. In Fisher, D. A. and Burrow, G. N. (eds.) Perinatal Thyroid Physiology and Disease, pp. 11–20. ( New York: Raven Press )
Burrow, G. N. (1978). Maternal–foetal considerations in hyperthyroidism. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 7, 115–125
Cheron, R. G., Kaplan, M. M., Larsen, P. R., Selenkow, H. A. and Crigler, J. F. (1981). Neonatal thyroid function after propylthiuracil therapy for maternal Graves’ disease. N. Engl. J. Med., 304, 525–528
Solomon, D. H. (1981). Pregnancy in PTU. N. Engl. J. Med., 304, 538–539
Munro, I. S. S. M., Humphries, I. E. S. H., Smith, T. and Broadhead, G. D. (1978). The role of thyroid–stimulating immunoglobulins of Graves’ disease in neonatal thyrotoxicosis. Br. J. Obstet. Gynaecol., 85, 837–843
Robinson, P. L., O’Mullane, N. M. and Alderman, B. (1979). Prenatal treatment of fetal thyrotoxicosis. Br. Med. J., 1, 383–384
Visser, G. H. A., Dawes, G. S. and Redman, G. W. G. (1981). Numerical analysis of the normal human antenatal fetal heartrate. Br. J. Obstet. Gynaecol., 88, 792–802
White, C. (1912). A foetus with congenital hereditary Graves’ disease. J Obstet Gynaecol. Br. Emp., 21, 231–233
McKenzie, M. J. (1964). Neonatal Graves’ disease. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 24 660–668
Hollingsworth, D. R. and Mabry, C. C. (1976). Congenital Graves’ disease. Am. J Dis. Child., 130, 148–155
Daneman, D. and Howard, N.J. (1980). Neonatal thyrotoxicosis: intellectual impairment and craniosynostosis in later years. J. Pediatr., 97, 257–259
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1984 MTP Press Limited
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Wass, J.A.H. (1984). The Effects of Maternal Endocrine Disease on the Fetus and Neonate. In: Aynsley-Green, A. (eds) Paediatric Endocrinology in Clinical Practice. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-5610-0_1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-5610-0_1
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-010-8974-6
Online ISBN: 978-94-009-5610-0
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive