Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Therapy of Metastasis in Animal Models

  • Chapter
Fundamental Aspects of Cancer

Part of the book series: Cancer Growth and Progression ((CAGP,volume 1))

Abstract

Recent advances in diagnostic methods and surgical techniques have led to increased success in the control of primary human neoplasms. With rare exceptions, neoplastic tissue which develops from, and is confined to, the site of origin no longer comprises a life-threatening clinical condition. However, the process of metastasis, the growth of tumor cells in organs distant from the site of origin, is responsible for the vast majority of deaths in clinical neoplastic disease and represents one of the greatest medical challenges in this century.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Agarwal KC, Parks RE Jr: Forskolin: A potential antimetastatic agent. Int J Cancer 32:801–804, 1983

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Ashley MP, Zbar B, Hunter JT, Rapp HJ, Sugimoto: Adjuvant-antigen requirements for active specific immunotherapy of microscopic metastases remaining after surgery. Cancer Res 40:4197–4203, 1980

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Baldwin RW, Pimm MV: Antitumor monoclonal antibodies for radio-immunodetection of tumors and drug targeting. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2:89–106, 1983

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Bando H, Yamashita T, Tsubura E: Effects of antiplatelet agents on pulmonary metastases. Gann 75:284–291, 1984

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Barranco SC, Ho DHW, Drewinko B, Romsdahl MM, Humphrey RM: Differential sensitivities of human melanoma cells grown in vitro to arabinosylcytosine. Cancer Res 32:2733–2736, 1972

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Bartlett GL, Kreider JW, Purnell DM: Immunotherapy of cancer in animals: Models or muddles? J Natl Cancer Inst 56:207–210, 1976

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Beahrs OH, Carr DT, Rubin P (Eds.): Manual for staging of cancer, 1977: Report of American Joint Committee for cancer staging and end results reporting. American Joint Committee, Chicago, IL, 1977

    Google Scholar 

  8. Berdel WE, Bausert WR, Weltzien JU, Modolell ML, Widman KH, Munder PG: The influence of alkyl-lysophospholipids and lysophospholipid-activated macrophages on the development of metastasis of 3-Lewis lung carcinoma. Eur J Cancer 16:1199–1204, 1980

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Carmel RJ, Brown JM: The effect of cyclophosphamide and other drugs on the incidence of pulmonary metastases in mice. Cancer Res 37:145–151, 1977

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Carter SK: Adriamycin: A review. J Natl Cancer Inst 55:1265–1274, 1974

    Google Scholar 

  11. Chan SY, Pollard M: Metastasis-enhancing effect of heparin and its relationship to a lipoprotein factor. J Natl Cancer Inst 64:1121–1125, 1980

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Chirigos MA, Moloney JB, Humphreys SR, Mantel N, Goldin A: Response of a virus-induced murine lymphoid leukemia to drug therapy. Cancer Res 21:803–811, 1961

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Corsi A, Calabresi F, Greco C: Comparative effects of cyclophosphamide on Lewis lung carcinoma. Br J Cancer 38:631–633, 1978

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Cutler SJ, Young JL Jr, (Eds.): Third National Cancer Survey: Incidence data. Natl Cancer Inst Monogr 41:1–454, 1975

    Google Scholar 

  15. Deodhar SD, James K, Chiang T, Edinger M, Barna BP: Inhibition of lung metastases in mice bearing a malignant fibrosarcoma by treatment with liposomes containing human C-reactive protein. Cancer Res 42:5084–5088, 1982

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Detre SI, Davies AJS, Conners TA: New models for cancer chemotherapy. Cancer Chemother Rep 5:133–143, 1975

    Google Scholar 

  17. Fialkow PJ: Clonal origin of human tumors. Biochim Biophys Acta 458:283–310, 1976

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Fidler IJ, Kripke ML: Metastases results from preexisting variants cells within a malignant tumor. Science 197:893–895, 1977

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Fidler IJ: Therapy of spontaneous metastases by intravenous injection of liposomes containing lymphokines. Science 208:1469–1471, 1980

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Fidler IJ, Sone S, Fogler WE, Barnes ZL: Eradication of spontaneous metastases and activation of alveolar macrophages by intravenous injection of liposomes containing muramyl dipeptide. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 78:1680–1684, 1981

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Fidler IJ, Barnes Z, Fogler WE, Kirsh R, Bugelski P, Poste G: Involvement of macrophages in the eradication of established metastases following intravenous injection of liposomes containing macrophage activators. Cancer Res 42:496–501, 1982

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Fidler IJ, Berendt M, Oldham RK: The rationale for and design of a screening procedure for the assessment of biological response modifiers for cancer treatment. J Biol Response Modif 1:15–26, 1982

    Google Scholar 

  23. Fidler IJ, Hart IR: The development of biological diversity and metastatic potential in malignant neoplasms. Oncodev Biol Med 4:161–176, 1982

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Fidler IJ, Schroit AJ: Synergism between lymphokines and muramyl dipeptide encapsulated in liposomes: In situ activation of macrophages and therapy of spontaneous cancer metastases. J Immunol 133:515–518, 1984

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Fisher B, Gunduz N, Saffer EA: Influence of the interval between primary tumor removal and chemotherapy on kinetics and growth of metastases. Cancer Res 43:1488–1492, 1983

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Frei E III: Comparisons of activities of antitumor agents in selected human and rodent tumor systems. Cancer Chemother Rep 16:19–24, 1962

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Freireich EJ, Gehan EA, Rall DP, Schmidt LH, Skipper HE: Quantitative comparison of toxicity of anticancer agents in the mouse, rat, hamster, dog, monkey, and man. Cancer Chemother Rep 50:219–244, 1966

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Gabizon A, Goren D, Fuks Z, Meshorer A, Barenholz Y: Superior therapeutic activity of liposome-associated adriamycin in a murine metastatic tumour model. Br J Cancer 5l:68l-689, 1985

    Google Scholar 

  29. Gasic GJ, Gasic TB, Murphy S: Anti-metastatic effect of aspirin. Lancet ii:932–933, 1972

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Gasic GJ, Viner ED, Budzynski A, Gasic GP: Inhibition of lung tumor colonization by leech salivary gland extracts from Haementeria ghiliani. Cancer Res 43:1633–1636, 1983

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Gatenby P, Basten A: A mouse model for immunotherapy of osteosarcoma. II. Corynebacterium parvum therapy. Cancer Immunol Immunother 8:103–111, 1980

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Giraldi T, Kopitar M, Sava G: Antimetastatic effect of a leukocyte intracellular inhibitor of neutral proteases. Cancer Res 37:3834–3835, 1977a

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Giraldi T, Nisi C, Sava G: Lysosomal enzyme inhibitors and antimetastatic activity in the mouse. Eur J Cancer 13:1321–1323, 1977

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Giraldi T, Houghton PJ, Taylor DM, Nisi C: Antimetastatic action of some triazene derivatives against the Lewis lung carcinoma in mice. Cancer Treat Rep 62:721–725, 1978

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Giraldi T, Guarino AM, Nisi C, Baldini L: Selective antimetastatic effects of N-diazoacetylglycine derivatives in mice. Eur J Cancer 15:603–607, 1979

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Giraldi T, Guarino AM, Nisi C, Sava G: Antitumor and antimetastatic effects of benzenoid triazenes in mice bearing Lewis lung carcinoma. Pharmacol Res Commun 12:1–11, 1980

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Giraldi T, Sava G, Nisi C: Mechanism of the antimetastatic action of N-diazoacetylglycinamide in mice bearing Lewis lung carcinoma. Eur J Cancer 16:87–92, 1980

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Giraldi T, Sava G, Kopitar M, Brzin J, Turk V: Neutral proteinase inhibitors and antimetastatic effects in mice. Eur J Cancer 16:449–454, 1980

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Giraldi T, Sava G: Selective antimetastatic drugs (review). Anticancer Res 1:163–174, 1981

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Giraldi T, Sava G, Kopitar M, Brzin J, Suhar A, Turk V: Antimetastatic effects and tumor proteinase inhibition by spleen intracellular inhibitors of neutral proteinases. Eur J Cancer 17:1301–1306, 1981

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Giraldi T, Sava G, Cuman R, Nisi C, Lassiani L: Selectivity of the antimetastatic and cytotoxic effects of 1-p-(3,3-dimethyl-1-triazeno)benzoic acid potassium salt, (+ /− 1,2-di(3,5-dioxopiperazin-1-yl)propane, and cyclophosphamide in mice bearing Lewis lung carcinoma. Cancer Res 41:2524–2528, 1981

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Giuliani F, Di Marco A, Casazza AM, Sava G: Combination chemotherapy and surgical adjuvant chemotherapy on MS-2 sarcoma and lung metastases in mice. Eur J Cancer 15:715–723, 1979

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Glasgow LA, Kern ER: Effect of interferon administration on pulmonary osteogenic sarcomas in an experimental murine model. J Natl Cancer Inst 67:207–212, 1981

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Glynn JP, Moloney JB, Chirigos MA, Humphreys SR, Goldin A: Biological interrelationships in the chemotherapy of Moloney virus leukemia. Cancer Res 23:269–278, 1963

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Goldin A, Johnson RK, Venditti JM: Preclinical characterization of candidate antitumor drugs. Cancer Chemother Rep 5:21–81, 1975

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Goldin A, Johnson RK, Venditti JM: Usefulness and limitations of murine tumor models for the identification of new antitumor agents. Antibiot Chemother 28:1–7, 1980

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Goldin A, Kline A, Sofina ZP et al: Experimental evaluation of antitumor drugs in the USA and USSR and clinical correlations. Natl Cancer Inst Monogr vol. 55, 1980

    Google Scholar 

  48. Goldin A, Venditti JM, MacDonald JS, Muggia FM, Henney JE, DeVita VT Jr: Current results of the screening program at the Division of Cancer Treatment, National Cancer Institute. Eur J Cancer 17:-129–142, 1981

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Goldsmith MA, Slavik M, Carter SK: Quantitative prediction of drug toxicity in small and large animals. Cancer Res 35:1354–1364, 1975

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Gorelik E, Bere WW, Herberman RB: Role of NK cells in the antimetastatic effect of anticoagulant drugs. Int J Cancer 33:87–94, 1984

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. Greco C, Corsi A, Caputo M, Cavallari A, Calabresi F: Cyclophosphamide and iphosphamide against Lewis lung carcinoma: Evaluation of toxic and therapeutic effects. Tumori 65:169–180, 1979

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. Greco C, Calabresi F, Caputo M, Corsi A, Saachi A, Zupi G: Adriamycin effect on the Lewis lung carcinoma. Comparison between the original line and its derivative subline. Eur J Cancer 16:1251–1255, 1980

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Griswold DP Jr: The potential for murine tumor models in surgical adjuvant chemotherapy. Cancer Chemother Rep 5:187–204, 1975

    Google Scholar 

  54. Hagmar B: Defibrination and metastasis formation: Effects of arvin on experimental metastases in mice. Eur J Cancer 8:17–28, 1972

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. Hakansson L, Trope K: On the presence within tumors of clones that differ in sensitivity to cytostatic drugs. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand 82:35–40, 1974

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. Hanna MG Jr, Zbar B, Rapp HJ: Histopathology of tumor regression and intralesional injection of Mycobacterium bovis. I. Tumor growth and metastasis. J Natl Cancer Inst 48:1441–1455, 1972

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  57. Hanna MG Jr, Peters LC, Fidler IJ: The efficacy of BCG-induced tumor immunity in guinea pigs with regional and systemic malignancy. Cancer Immunol Immunother 1:171–177, 1976

    Article  Google Scholar 

  58. Hanna MG Jr, Peters LC: Specific immunotherapy of established visceral micrometastases by BCG-tumor cell vaccine alone or as an adjunct to surgery. Cancer 42:2613–2625, 1978

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  59. Hanna MG Jr, Pollack VA, Peters LC, Hoover HC: Active specific immunotherapy of established micrometastases with BCG plus tumor cell vaccines: Effective treatment of BCG side effects with isoniazid. Cancer 49:659–664, 1982

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  60. Hellmann K, Burrage K: Control of malignant metastases by ICRF 159. Nature 224:273–275, 1969

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. Helson L: Calcium channel blocker enhancement of anticancer drug cytotoxicity: A review. Cancer Drug Deliv 1:353–361, 1984

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. Heppner GH, Dexter DL, De Nucci T, Miller F, Calabresi P: Heterogeneity in drug sensitivity among tumor cell subpopulations of a single mammary tumor. Cancer Res 38:3758–3763, 1978

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  63. Herman EH, Witiak DT, Hellmann K, Waravdeker VS: Biological properties of ICRF-159 and related bis-(dioxopiperazine) compounds. Adv Pharmacol Chemother 19:249–290, 1982

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  64. Hewitt HB: Choice of animal tumors for experimental studies of cancer therapy. Adv Cancer Res 27:149–200, 1978

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. Hewitt HB: Animal tumor models and their relevance to human tumor immunology. J Biol Resp Modif 1:107–119, 1982

    Google Scholar 

  66. Heyes J: Antimetastatic effect of 4-carboxy-5-(3,3-dimethyl-1-triazene)-2-methylimidazole. J Natl Cancer Inst 53:279–280, 1974

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  67. Hilgard P: Experimental vitamin K deficiency and spontaneous metastases. Br J Cancer 35:891–892, 1977

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  68. Hilgard P, Maat B: Mechanism of lung tumour colony reduction caused by coumarin anticoagulation. Eur J Cancer 15:183–187, 1979

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  69. Holland JF, Frei E III: Cancer Medicine. Lea & Febiger. Philadelphia, PA, 1982

    Google Scholar 

  70. Honn KV, Cicone B, Skoff A: Prostacyclin: A potent antimetastatic agent. Science 212:1270–1272, 1981

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  71. Honn KV: Prostacyclin/thromboxane ratios in tumor growth and metastasis, p. 733, In Powles TJ, Bockman RS, Honn KV, Ramwell PW (Eds.) Prostaglandins in Cancer, Alan Liss, Inc. New York, NY, 1982

    Google Scholar 

  72. Honn KV: Inhibition of tumor cell metastasis by modulation of the vascular prostacyclin/thromboxane A2 system. Clin Exp Metastasis 1:103–114, 1983

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  73. Honn KV, Onoda JM, Diglio CA, Sloane BF: Calcium channel blockers: Potential antimetastatic agents. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 174:16–19, 1983

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  74. Hoover HC Jr, Ketcham AS: Decreasing experimental metastasis formation with anticoagulation and chemotherapy. Surg Forum 26:173–174, 1975

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  75. Hoover HC Jr, Ketcham AS: Techniques for inhibiting tumor metastases. Cancer 35:5–14, 1975

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  76. Hoover HC Jr, Jones D, Ketcham AS: The optimal level of anticoagulation for decreasing experimental metastases. Surgery 79:625–630, 1976

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  77. Humphreys SR, Mantel N, Goldin A: Chemotherapy and surgery of spontaneous tumors in mice. Eur J Cancer 2:1–7, 1966

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  78. Hwang KM, Foon KA, Cheung PH, Pearson JW, Oldham RK: Selective antitumor effect of L10 hepatocarcinoma cells of a potent immunoconjugate composed of the A chain of Abrin and a monoclonal antibody to a hepatoma-associated antigen. Cancer Res 44:4578–4586, 1984

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  79. Iigo M, Hoshi A, Nakamura A, Kuetani K: Antineoplastic effect of orally administered 1-alkyl carbamoyl derivatives of 5-fluorouracil on sc implanted Lewis lung carcinoma and B16 melanoma. Cancer Treat Rep 63:1895–1899, 1979

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  80. Inaba M, Yoshida N, Tsukagoshi S: Preferential action of liposome-entrapped l-(2-chloroethyl)-3-(4-methylcyclohexyl)-1-nitrosourea on lung metastasis of Lewis lung carcinoma as compared with the free drug. Gann 72:341–345, 1981

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  81. James SE, Salsbury AJ: Effect of (+/−)-l,2-bis(3,5-dioxo-piperazin-1-yl)propane on tumor blood vessels and its relationship to the antimetastatic effect in the Lewis lung carcinoma. Cancer Res 34:839–842, 1974

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  82. Janik P, Assaf A, Bertram JS: Inhibition of growth of primary and metastatic Lewis lung carcinoma cells by the phosphodiesterase inhibitor isobutylmethylxanthine. Cancer Res 40:1950–1954, 1980

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  83. Kagawa K, Yamashita T, Tsubura E, Yamamura Y: Inhibition of pulmonary metastasis by Nocardia rubra cell wall skeleton, with special reference to macrophage activation. Cancer Res 44:665–670, 1984

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  84. Karrer K, Humphreys SR: Continuous and limited courses of cyclophosphamide (NSC-26271) in mice with pulmonary metastasis after surgery. Cancer Chemother Rep 51:439–449, 1967

    Google Scholar 

  85. Karrer K, Humphreys SR, Goldin A: An experimental model for studying factors which influence metastasis of malignant tumors. Int J Cancer 2:213–223, 1967

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  86. Kedar E, Weiss DW: The in vitro generation of effector lymphocytes and their employment in tumor immunotherapy. Adv Cancer Res 38:171–287, 1983

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  87. Key ME, Talmadge JE, Fogler WE, Bucana C, Fidler IJ: Isolation of tumoricidal macrophages from lung melanoma metastases of mice treated systemically with liposomes containing a lipophilic derivative of muramyl dipeptide. J Natl Cancer Inst 69:1189–1198, 1982

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  88. Key ME, Brandhorst JS, Hanna MG Jr, Synergistic effects of active specific immunotherapy and chemotherapy in guinea pigs with disseminated cancer. J Immunol 130:2987–2992, 1983

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  89. Klein AS, Shoham J: Effect of the thymic factor, thymostimulin (TP-1), on the survival rate of tumor-bearing mice. Cancer Res 41:3217–3221, 1981

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  90. Kline I: Potentially useful combinations of chemotherapy detected in mouse tumor systems. Cancer Chemother Rep 4:33–43, 1974

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  91. Kohga S, Kinjo M, Tanaka K, Ogawa H, Ishihara M, Tanaka N: Effects of 5-(2-chlorobenzyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothien-o[3,2-C]pyridine hydrochloride (ticlopidine), a platelet aggregation inhibitor, on blood-borne metastasis. Cancer Res 41:4710–4714, 1981

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  92. Kolenich JJ, Mansour EG, Flynn A: Haematological effects of aspirin. Lancet ii:714, 1972

    Article  Google Scholar 

  93. Lazo JS, Ingber DE, Sartorelli AC: Enhancement of experimental lung metastases by cultured cells treated with (+/−)-1,2-bis(3,5-dioxopiperazin-lyl) propane (ICRF-159). Cancer Res 38:2263–2270, 1978

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  94. Leibovici J, Sinai Y, Wolman M, Davidai G: Effects of high-molecular weight levan on the growth and spread of lymphoma in AKR mice. Cancer Res 35:1921–1925, 1975

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  95. LeServe AW, Hellmann K: Metastases and the normalization of tumor blood vessels by ICRF-159: A new type of drug action. Br Med J 1:597–601, 1972

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  96. Li X-T, Hellmann K: Effect of RA233 alone and combined with radiation on experimental tumour metastasis. Part 1. Clin Exp Metastasis 1:51–59, 1983

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  97. Li X-T, Hellmann K: Antitumour effect of RA233 alone and combined with radiotherapy. Clin Exp Metastasis 1:181–190, 1983

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  98. Liotta LA, Catanzaro PJ, Kleinerman J: Reduction of metastatic rate by immunotherapy: A comparison of the immunogenic properties of metastasizing tumor cells versus tumor cells in the primary mass. J Surg Oncol 11:59–64, 1979

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  99. Lozzio BB, Machado EA, Lozzio CB, Mitchell J, Wust CJ: Immunotherapy of metastases of human neoplastic cells grown in immunodeficient mice. Cancer Immunol Immunother 12:135–140, 1982

    Article  Google Scholar 

  100. Lundy J, Lovett EJ III, Wolinsky SM, Conran P: Immune impairment and metastatic tumor growth. The need for an immunorestorative as an adjunct to surgery. Cancer 44:945–951, 1979

    Article  Google Scholar 

  101. Maat B: Extrapulmonary colony formation after intravenous injection of tumour cells into heparin-treated animals. Br J Cancer 37:369–376, 1978

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  102. Maat B: Selective macrophage inhibition abolishes warfarin-induced reduction of metastasis. Br J Cancer 41:313–316, 1980

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  103. Maat B, Hilgard P: Anticoagulants and experimental metastases: Evaluation of antimetastatic effects in different model systems. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 101:275–283, 1981

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  104. Mazumder A, Rosenberg SA: Successful immunotherapy of natural killer-resistant established pulmonary melanoma metastases by intravenous adoptive transfer of syngeneic lymphocytes activated in vitro by interleukin 2. J Exp Med 159:495–507, 1984

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  105. Merker PC, Wodinsky I, Cantor ML, Venditti JM: Effectiveness of clinically active antineoplastic drugs in a surgical-adjuvant chemotherapy treatment regimen using the Lewis lung (LL) carcinoma. Int J Cancer 21:482–489, 1978

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  106. Milas L, Malenica B, Allegretti N: Enhancement of artificial lung metastases in mice caused by cyclophosphamide. I. Participation of host impairment of host antitumor resistance. Cancer Immunol Immunother 6:191–196, 1979

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  107. Milas L, Hersh EM, Hunter N: Therapy of artificial and spontaneous metastases of murine tumors with maleic anhydride-divinyl ether-2. Cancer Res 41:2378–2385, 1981

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  108. Milas L, Hersh EM, Stringfellow DA, Hunter N: Studies of the antitumor activities of pyrimidinone-interferon inducers. I. Effect against artificial and spontaneous lung metastases of murine tumors. J Natl Cancer Inst 68:139–145, 1982

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  109. Millman I, Scott AW, Halbherr T, Youmans AS, Youmans GP: Mycobacterial ribonucleic acid: Comparison with mycobacterial cell wall fractions for regression of murine tumor growth. Infect Immun 14:929–933, 1976

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  110. Mule JJ, Shu S, Schwarz SL, Rosenberg SA: Adoptive immunotherapy of established pulmonary metastases with LAK cells and recombinant interleukin-2. Science 225:1487–1489, 1984

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  111. Mule JJ, Rosenstein M, Shu S, Rosenberg SA: Eradication of a disseminated syngeneic mouse lymphoma by systemic adoptive transfer of immune lymphocytes and its dependence upon a host component(s). Cancer Res 45:526–531, 1985

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  112. Nowell PC: Clonal evolution of tumor cell populations. Science 194:23–28, 1976

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  113. Ossowski L, Reich E: Antibodies to plasminogen activator inhibit tumor metastasis. Cell 35:611–619, 1983

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  114. Ovejera AA, Johnson RK, Goldin A: Growth characteristics and chemotherapeutic response of intravenously implanted Lewis lung carcinoma. Cancer Chemother Rep Pt 2 5:111–125, 1975

    Google Scholar 

  115. Peters LC, Brandhorst JS, Hanna MG Jr. Preparation of immunotherapeutic autologous vaccines from solid tumors. Cancer Res 39:1353–1360, 1979

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  116. Piessens WF: Evidence for human cancer immunity. A review. Cancer 26:1212–1220, 1970

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  117. Pimm MV, Baldwin RW: C. parvum immunotherapy of transplanted rat tumours. Int J Cancer 20:923–932, 1977

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  118. Poggi A, Mussoni L, Kornblith L, Ballabio E, DeGaetano G, Donati MB: Warfarin enantiomers, anticoagulation, and experimental tumour metastasis. Lancet i:163–164, 1978

    Article  Google Scholar 

  119. Pollack VA, Fidler IJ: Use of young nude mice for selection of subpopulations of cells with increased metastatic potential from nonsyngeneic neoplasms. J Natl Cancer Inst 69:137–141, 1982

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  120. Proctor J, Rudenstam CM, Alexander P: Increased incidence of lung metastases following treatments of rats bearing hepatomas with irradiated tumour cells and the beneficial effect of Corynebacterium parvum in this system. Biomedicine 19:248–252, 1973

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  121. Rahman YE, Patel KR, Cerny EA, Maccoss M: The treatment of intravenously implanted Lewis lung carcinoma with two sustained release forms of 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcy-tosine. Eur J Cancer 20:1105–1112, 1984

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  122. Reeve JG, Wright KA, Twentyman PR: Response to X-radiation and cytotoxic drugs of clonal subpopulations of different ploidy and metastatic potential isolated from RIF-1 mouse sarcoma. Br J Cancer 47:841–848, 1983

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  123. Roberts DC, Barton M: Research using transplanted tumours of laboratory animals: A cross-referenced bibliography-IX., Imperial Cancer Research Fund, London, England, 1972

    Google Scholar 

  124. Robins RK, Srivastava PC, Narayanan VL, Plowman J, Paull KD: 2-beta-D-ribofuranosylthiazole-4-carboxamide, a novel potential antitumor agent for lung tumors and metastases. J Med Chem 25:107–108, 1982

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  125. Rose WC, Reed FC III, Siminoff P, Bradner WT: Immunotherapy of Madison 109 lung carcinoma and other murine tumors using lentinan. Cancer Res 44:1368–1373, 1984

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  126. Rosenberg B: Fundamental studies with cisplatin. Cancer 55:2303–2316, 1985

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  127. Rosenberg SA, Terry WD: Passive immunotherapy of cancer in animals and man. Adv Cancer Res 25:323–388, 1977

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  128. Sadler TE, Castro JE: Effects of Corynebacterium parvum and surgery on the Lewis lung carcinoma and its metastases. Br J Surg 63:292–296, 1976

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  129. Saito D, Sawamura M, Umezawa K, Kanai Y, Furihata C, Matsushima T, Sugimura T: Inhibition of experimental blood-borne metastasis by protease inhibitors. Cancer Res 40:2539–2542, 1980

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  130. Sava G, Giraldi T, Lassiani L, Nisi C: Mechanism of the antimetastatic action of dimethyltriazenes. Cancer Treat Rep 63:93–98, 1979

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  131. Sava G, Giraldi T, Lassiani L, Nisi C: Antimetastatic action and hematologic toxicity of p-(3,3-dimethyl-l-triazene) benzoic acid potassium salt and 5-(3,3-dimethyl-l-triazeno) imidazole-4-carboxamide used as prophylactic adjuvants to surgical tumor removal in mice bearing B16 melanoma. Cancer Res 44:64–68, 1984

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  132. Schabel FM Jr: Surgical adjuvant chemotherapy of metastatic murine tumors. Cancer 40:558–568, 1977

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  133. Scholler J, Philips FS, Sternberg SS, Bittner JJ: A comparative study of chemotherapeutic agents in spontaneous mammary adenocarcinomas of mice in transplants of recent origin. Cancer 9:240–251, 1956

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  134. Shapiro DM, Fugmann RA: A role for chemotherapy as an adjunct to surgery. Cancer Res 17:1098–1101, 1957

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  135. Southam CM: Evidence for cancer-specific antigens in man. Progr Exp Tumor Res 9:1–39, 1967

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  136. Staquet MJ, Byar DP, Green SB, Rozencweig M: Clinical predictivity of transplantable tumor systems in the selection of new drugs for solid tumors: Rationale for a three-stage strategy. Cancer Treat Rep 67:753–765, 1983

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  137. Stylos WA, Chirigos MA, Papademetriou V, Lauer L: The immunomodulatory effect of BM 12.531 (azimexon) on normal and tumored mice: In vitro and in vivo studies. Immunopharmacol 2:113–132, 1980

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  138. Suen KC, Lau LL, Yermakov V: Cancer and old age. An autopsy study of 3,535 patients over 65 years old. Cancer 33:1164–1168, 1974

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  139. Sukumar S, Hunter JT, Yarkoni E, Rapp HJ, Zbar B, Lederer E: Efficacy of mycobacterial components in the immunotherapy of mice with pulmonary tumor deposits. Cancer Immunol Immunother 11:125–129, 1981

    Article  Google Scholar 

  140. Talmadge JE, Benedict K, Madsen J, Fidler IJ: Development of biological diversity and susceptibility to chemotherapy in murine cancer metastases. Cancer Res 44:3801–3805, 1984

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  141. Talmadge JE, Adams J, Phillips H, Collins M, Lenz B, Schneider M, Chirigos M: Immunotherapeutic potential in murine tumor models for polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid and poly-l-lysine solubilized by carboxymethylcellulose. Cancer Res 45:1066–1072, 1985

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  142. Tanigawa N, Mizuno Y, Hashimura T, Honda K, Satomura K, Hikasa Y, Niwa O, Sugahara T, Yoshida O, Kern DH, Morton DL: Comparison of drug sensitivity among tumor cells within a tumor, between primary tumor and metastases, and between different metastases in the human tumor colony-forming assay. Cancer Res 44:2309–2312, 1984

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  143. Taylor S, Folkman J: Protamine is an inhibitor of angiogenesis. Nature 297:307–312, 1982

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  144. Travis EL, Reinartz G, Chu AM, Down JD, Fowler JF: Effect of cyclophosphamide or X-rays on spontaneously occurring metastases from tumors transplanted into the tails of mice. Cancer Res 41:1803–1807, 1981

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  145. Tsuruo T, Fidler IJ: Differences in drug sensitivity among tumor cells from parental tumors, selected variants, and spontaneous metastases. Cancer Res 41:3058–3064, 1981

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  146. Tsuruo T, Yamori T, Nakanuma K, Hori K, Kawabata H, Tsukagoshi S, Sakurai Y: Spontaneous metastasis of highly metastatic variants of mouse tumors and the effects of drugs on the metastasis. Gann 75:557–563, 1984

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  147. Tsuruo T, Iida H, Makishima F, Yamori T, Kawabata H, Tsukugoshi S, Sakurai Y: Inhibition of spontaneous and experimental tumor metastasis by the calcium antagonist verapamil. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 14:30–33, 1985

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  148. Turner GA, Weiss L: Analysis of aprotinin-induced enhancement of metastasis of Lewis lung tumors in mice. Cancer Res 41:2576–2580, 1981

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  149. Usui L, Urano M, Koike S, Kobayashi Y: Effect of PS-K, a protein polysaccharide, on pulmonary metastases of a C3H mouse squamous cell carcinoma. J Natl Cancer Inst 56:185–187, 1976

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  150. Van Putten LM, Kram LKJ, van Dierendonck HHC, Smink T, Fuzy M: Enhancement by drugs of metastatic lung nodule formation after intravenous tumor cell injection. Int J Cancer 15:588–595, 1975

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  151. Venditti JM: Pre-clinical drug evaluation: Rationale and methods. Semin Oncol 8:349–361, 1981

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  152. Venditti JM, Wesley RA, Plowman J: Current NCI preclinical antitumor screening, 1976–1982, and future directions. Adv Pharmacol Chemother 20:1–20, 1984

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  153. Wang BS, Onikul SR, Mannick JA: Prevention of death from metastases by immune RNA therapy. Science 202:59–60, 1978

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  154. Wang BS, Steele G, Mannick JA, Fallon M, Onikul SR: In vivo effects and parallel in vitro cytotoxicity of splenocytes harvested from treated or control C57BL/6J mice after adjuvant immunotherapy of pulmonary metastases using xenogeneic RNS specific to B16 murine melanoma. Cancer Res 39:1702–1707, 1979

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  155. Watanabe N, Niitsu Y, Sone H, Neda H, Yamauchi N, Urushizaki I: Inhibitory effect of tumor necrosis serum on the metastasis of B-16 mouse melanoma cells. Gann 76:989–994, 1985

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  156. Weinstein JN, Steller MA, Keenan AM, Covell DG, Key ME, Sieber SM, Oldham RK, Hwang KM, Parker RJ: Monoclonal antibodies in the lymphatics: Selective delivery to lymph node metastases of a solid tumor. Science 222:423–426, 1983

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  157. Wood S, Hilgard PH: Arvin-induced hypofibrinogenemia and metastasis formation from blood-borne cancer cells. Johns Hopkins Med J 133:207–213, 1973

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  158. Woolley DW, Stewart JM: Permanent cure of some spontaneous mammary cancers of mice with analogs of 1,2-dimethyl-4,5-diaminobenzene. Biochem Pharmacol 11:1163–1173, 1962

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  159. Yamamoto T, Yamashita T, Tsubara E: Inhibition of pulmonary metastasis of Lewis lung carcinoma by a glucan, schizophyllan. Invasion Metastasis 1:71–84, 1981

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  160. Yarkoni E, Lederer E, Rapp HJ: Immunotherapy of experimental cancer with a mixture of synthetic muramyl dipeptide and trehalose dimycolate. Infect Immun 32:273–276, 1981

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  161. Yerushalmi A, Hazan G: Control of Lewis lung carcinoma by combined treatment with local hyperthermia and cyclophosphamide: Preliminary results. Isr J Med Sci 15:462–463, 1979

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  162. Zbar B, Bernstein ID, Bartlett GL, Hanna MG Jr, Rapp HJ: Immunotherapy of cancer: Regression of intradermal tumors and prevention of growth of lymph node metastases after intralesional injection of living Mycobacterium bovis. J Natl Cancer Inst 49:119–130, 1972

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  163. Zbar B, Ribi E, Meyer T, Azuma I, Rapp HJ: Immunotherapy of cancer: Regression of established intradermal tumors after intralesional injection of mycobacterial cell walls attached to oil droplets. J Natl Cancer Inst 52:1571–1577, 1974

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. Vincent A. Pollack
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, 3343 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15213, USA

    Ronald H. Goldfarb Ph.D.

  2. Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, USA

    Ronald H. Goldfarb Ph.D.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1989 Kluwer Academic Publishers

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Pollack, V.A. (1989). Therapy of Metastasis in Animal Models. In: Goldfarb, R.H. (eds) Fundamental Aspects of Cancer. Cancer Growth and Progression, vol 1. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1089-8_18

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1089-8_18

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-94-010-6980-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-009-1089-8

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation