Abstract
Particles with their fundamental interactions, astrophysics and cosmology have become closely related fields. Our increasing knowledge of the submicroscopic phenomena allows us to better understand the evolution of the Universe and astrophysics, and vice versa. Nuclear and particle physics explain the structure of particular celestial bodies in extreme conditions, as the cosmic accelerators, presented in Supplement 13.1, and white dwarfs, neutron stars and stellar gravitational collapses. Examples are reported on production of neutrinos from the nuclear reaction in the centre of our Sun; the gravitational binding energy of stars and the neutrino emission from Supernovae explosions; the propagation of electron and protons in the cosmic microwave background radiation; exotic massive particles eventually produced in Cosmic Rays.
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Notes
- 1.
The inelastic scattering of photons in matter results in a decrease in energy of an X-ray or gamma-ray photon; this is the so-called Compton effect. The Inverse Compton effect corresponds to the fact that a low energy photon is scattered to higher energies by a high energy electron.
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Braibant, S., Giacomelli, G., Spurio, M. (2012). Microcosm and Macrocosm. In: Particles and Fundamental Interactions: Supplements, Problems and Solutions. Undergraduate Lecture Notes in Physics. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4135-5_13
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4135-5_13
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