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MR Spectroscopy in Health and Disease

  • Reference work entry
Handbook of the Cerebellum and Cerebellar Disorders

Abstract

Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) enables the noninvasive quantification of up to 20 neurochemicals in selected brain regions and has found many applications in the study of the cerebellum in health and disease. The neurochemicals accessible by MRS include neuronal and glial markers, neurotransmitters, markers of cellular energetics, and antioxidants and, therefore, provide means to assess neuronal dysfunction/loss, glial activation, energy metabolism, and oxidative stress. As a result, the methodology has been applied to the study of many diseases that affect the cerebellum, including neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, metabolic disorders, alcoholism, and neuropsychiatric disorders. While MRS of the cerebellum poses challenges due to the caudal location of the structure in the brain, these have been overcome both on research and clinical scanners that operate at high and ultra-high magnetic fields, providing the potential for further applications of the technology with greater sensitivity and resolution than ever before to benefit basic and translational investigations in cerebellar disorders.

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Acknowledgments

The preparation of this manuscript was supported by the National Institutes of Health grant R01 NS070815. The Center for MR Research is supported by National Center for Research Resources (NCRR) biotechnology research resource grant P41 RR008079 and Neuroscience Center Core Blueprint Award P30 NS057091.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Department of Radiology, Medical School, University of Minnesota, 2021 6th St. SE., Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA

    Dr. Gülin Öz

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  1. Dr. Gülin Öz
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Correspondence to Gülin Öz .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Unité d'Etude du Mouvement (UEM), FNRS, Neurologie ULB Erasme, Bruxelles, Belgium

    Mario Manto

  2. Ataxia Unit, Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology Unit, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

    Jeremy D. Schmahmann

  3. Neuroscience Institute of the Cavalieri-Ottolenghi Foundation (NICO), University of Turin, Orbassano, Turin, Italy

    Ferdinando Rossi

  4. Molecular and Integrative Neuroscience Department (MIND), The Scripps Research Institute, California, CA, USA

    Donna L. Gruol

  5. Department of Integrative Physiolgy, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan

    Noriyuki Koibuchi

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Öz, G. (2013). MR Spectroscopy in Health and Disease. In: Manto, M., Schmahmann, J.D., Rossi, F., Gruol, D.L., Koibuchi, N. (eds) Handbook of the Cerebellum and Cerebellar Disorders. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1333-8_29

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