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Pathogen Recognition and New Insights into Innate Immunity

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Allergy Frontiers: Classification and Pathomechanisms

Part of the book series: Allergy Frontiers ((ALLERGY,volume 2))

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Abstract

Immune responses are based on differentiation between self and non-self; further distinctions then must be made regarding an intruder’s potential danger. While the adaptive immune system can elegantly and precisely identify and react to microbes, this is a slow and somewhat inefficient process. In contrast, innate immunity provides the “first responders” to a perceived alert, and does so in a rapid and proactive process. We have evolved an interactive network of pattern recognition receptors that are programmed to respond to conserved molecular elements found on pathogens. These receptors (including the family of Toll-like receptors, nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain proteins, and mannose receptors) are found on a wide range of cells but especially on those whose mobility and/or location puts them in frequent contact with the organisms that cross the epithelium. Their ligation can initiate inflammatory cascades that serve to mobilize cells, activate production of cytokine and chemokines, and promote release of inflammatory mediators.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. UI Asthma Center, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, C33GH UIHC, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa, IA, 52242, USA

    Joel N. Kline (Medicine and Occupational and Environmental Health, Director)

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  1. Joel N. Kline
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan

    Ruby Pawankar

  2. Southampton General Hospital, University of Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton, UK

    Stephen T. Holgate

  3. Childrens's Mercy Hospital and Clinic, UMKC School of Medicine, 2401 Gillham Road, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA

    Lanny J. Rosenwasser

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Kline, J.N. (2009). Pathogen Recognition and New Insights into Innate Immunity. In: Pawankar, R., Holgate, S.T., Rosenwasser, L.J. (eds) Allergy Frontiers: Classification and Pathomechanisms. Allergy Frontiers, vol 2. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-88315-9_2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-88315-9_2

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Tokyo

  • Print ISBN: 978-4-431-88314-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-4-431-88315-9

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