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Viral Variation and Response to Therapy

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Hepatitis C Virus II

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Abstract

Till recently, interferon (IFN)-based non-specific antiviral therapy was only the choice for the eradication of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in patients with chronic hepatitis C. However, antiviral activity of IFN was quite limited, and the eradication rate did not exceed 50 % in the treatment of the most refractory genotype-1 HCV. In the treatment of chronic hepatitis C with IFN, it was gradually disclosed that sequences of certain viral genomic regions significantly affect viral response.

With this background, various novel small compounds with potent antiviral effects called direct antiviral agents (DAAs) which directly inhibit enzymatic activities of HCV have been recently developed, and their significant antiviral activity is literally changing anti-HCV therapy. In DAA-based therapy, rare treatment failure is associated with the development of DAA-resistant mutations, and it is an important issue if pretreatment prediction of the appearance of DAA-resistant mutations is possible in the DAA-based therapy.

In this chapter, the association between viral sequence variations and the response to IFN-based as well as DAA-based therapy is described.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. First Department of Internal Medicine, University of Yamanashi, 1110, Shimokato, Chuo, Yamanashi, 409-3898, Japan

    Shinya Maekawa M.D., Ph.D. & Nobuyuki Enomoto M.D., Ph.D.

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  1. Shinya Maekawa M.D., Ph.D.
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  2. Nobuyuki Enomoto M.D., Ph.D.
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Correspondence to Shinya Maekawa M.D., Ph.D. .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. National Institute of Infectious Disease , Tokyo, Japan

    Tatsuo Miyamura

  2. Departments of Medicine and Microbiology, The Univ of N Carolina at Chapel Hill Departments of Medicine and Microbiology, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA

    Stanley M. Lemon

  3. Center for Vaccines and Immunity, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital , Ohio, USA

    Christopher M. Walker

  4. National Institute of Infectious Disease, Tokyo, Japan

    Takaji Wakita

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Maekawa, S., Enomoto, N. (2016). Viral Variation and Response to Therapy. In: Miyamura, T., Lemon, S., Walker, C., Wakita, T. (eds) Hepatitis C Virus II. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-56101-9_9

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