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Hematopoietic Stem Cell Aging and Leukemogenesis

  • Chapter
Stem Cell Aging: Mechanisms, Consequences, Rejuvenation

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Abstract

Age is the single most important prognostic factor associated with many cancers, including most leukemias and lymphomas. Aging is also associated with dramatic changes in hematopoiesis. As all mature hematopoietic cells are derived from multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), age-dependent changes in these cells likely contribute to both alterations in hematopoiesis and increases in blood cancers. In this chapter, we will review the various changes in both HSCs and their microenvironments that could underlie the striking association between multiple major hematopoietic malignancies and old age. Traditionally, the association between aging and cancer has been explained by the requirement for sufficient time for the requisite number of oncogenic mutations to accumulate, as these mutations are thought to limit cancer incidence. We will describe how other aging-associated changes in hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells and their niches, including alterations in cellular fitness, inflammation, localization, and differentiation, could substantially impact age-dependent leukemogenesis. Aging of the hematopoietic system is highly complicated and multifactorial, and likewise increased leukemogenesis in the elderly will likely belie simple explanations.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA

    Curtis J. Henry, Andrii I. Rozhok & James DeGregori

  2. Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA

    James DeGregori

  3. Integrated Department of Immunology, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA

    James DeGregori

Authors
  1. Curtis J. Henry
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  2. Andrii I. Rozhok
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  3. James DeGregori
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Correspondence to James DeGregori .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Dermatology and Allergic Diseases, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany

    Hartmut Geiger

  2. Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA

    Heinrich Jasper

  3. Dermatology and Allergic Diseases, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany

    Maria Carolina Florian

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Henry, C.J., Rozhok, A.I., DeGregori, J. (2015). Hematopoietic Stem Cell Aging and Leukemogenesis. In: Geiger, H., Jasper, H., Florian, M. (eds) Stem Cell Aging: Mechanisms, Consequences, Rejuvenation. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-1232-8_13

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