System Analysis: Function, Fault Tree and Failure Mode and Effects

Abstract

In the context of this chapter, the focus is on the analysis of the function and failure of technical systems. One of the most important methods of technical reliability analysis is Fault Tree Analysis (FTA). The FTA is based on the algebra according to Boole and probability theory. The aim is to determine the probability with regard to a specific failure of a technical system. First, the fundamentals of fault tree analysis (FTA), Boolean algebra and importance parameters are presented; see Sect. 11.2. Then, in Sect. 11.2, the application examples of automotive braking systems, bridge circuits, and double bridge configurations for function and fault tree analysis are discussed. Finally, the Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) is presented, Sect. 11.3. The FMEA is a method for the systematic discovery of possible risks in the development of products and planning of production processes. Strictly speaking, the FMEA focuses on the methodical procedure for detecting possible errors, whereby no special knowledge of technical statistics or data analysis is required. Nevertheless, the FMEA is mentioned here: The procedure of the FMEA is characterized by its inductive character and thus represents the counterpart to the Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) with its deductive character.