Skip to main content

Spinnen und andere Nachahmer, Vortäuscher und Räuber

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Die Gäste der Ameisen

Zusammenfassung

Im Gegensatz zu den Myrmekophilen mit schützendem Körperbau ist eine zweite Gruppe von Gästen in der Lage, Färbung und Anatomie von Ameisen mit exquisiter Genauigkeit zu imitieren. Diese Art der Mimikry wird als Myrmekomorphie bezeichnet, und in vielen Fällen werden die anatomischen Anpassungen der Myrmekomorphen durch erstaunliche Verhaltensnachahmungen ihrer Ameisenvorbilder noch verstärkt. Solche Nachahmer finden wir vor allem bei den myrmekomorphen Spinnen. Sie ahmen nicht nur die detaillierten Farbmuster und die Anordnung der Segmente der Ameisen nach, indem sie durch zusätzliche Einschnürungen an Opisthosoma und Cephalothorax ihren zweigeteilten Körper wie bei einer Ameise in drei Segmente unterteilen. Einige Ameisen nachahmende Spinnen erzeugen die Illusion, dass sie Fühler haben, indem sie ihr erstes Beinpaar vor sich herbewegen, und scheinen sich sogar mit einer ameisenähnlichen Gangart fortzubewegen. In diesem Kapitel erörtern wir einige der außergewöhnlichsten Beispiele von Myrmekomorphie und Imitation des Ameisenverhaltens durch Spinnen und andere Gliederfüßer und erörtern, inwieweit diese Täuschungen zum Schutz gegen Fressfeinde, oder der Interaktion mit ihren Ameisenwirten dienen. Unsere Diskussion wäre nicht vollständig, wenn wir nicht auch die anderen Beziehungen zwischen Spinnen und Ameisen betrachten würden, die durch die Fähigkeit beider Gruppen, architektonische Meisterwerke zu bauen und komplexe soziale Gruppen zu bilden, noch faszinierender sind.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 59.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 74.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Literatur

  • Allan, RA, Capon, RJ, Brown, WV, Elgar, MA. 2002. Mimicry of host cuticular hydrocarbons by salticid spider Cosmophasis bitaeniata that preys on larvae of tree ants Oecophylla smaragdina. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 28: 835–848.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Allan, RA, Elgar, MA. 2001. Exploitation of the green tree ant, Oecophylla smaragdina, by the salticid spider Cosmophasis bitaeniata. Australian Journal of Zoology, 49: 129–137.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Baruffaldi, L, Costa, FG, Rodríguez, A, González, A. 2010. Chemical communication in Schizocosa malitiosa: Evidence of a female contact sex pheromone and per sis tence in the field. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 36: 759–767.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bernstein, RA. 1974. Seasonal food abundance and foraging activity in some desert ants. American Naturalist, 108: 490–498.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bhattacharya, G. 1939. On the moulting and metamorphosis of Myrmarachne plataleoides Camb. Transactions of the Bose Research Institute, 12: 103–114.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bonaldo, AB. 2000. Taxonomia da subfamília Corinninae (Araneae, Corinnidae) nas regiões neotropical e neártica. Iheringia, Série Zoologia, 89: 3–198.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bonaldo, AB, Brescovit, A. 2005. On new species of the Neotropical spider genus Attacobius Mello-Leitão, 1923 (Araneae, Corinnidae, Corinninae), with a cladistic analysis of the tribe Attacobiini. Insect Systematics & Evolution, 36: 35–56.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Borges, RM, Ahmed, S, Prabhu, CV. 2007. Male ant-mimicking salticid spiders discriminate between retreat silks of sympatric females: Implications for premating reproductive isolation. Journal of Insect Behavior, 20: 389–402.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brandt, M, Mahsberg, D. 2002. Bugs with a backpack: The function of nymphal camouflage in the West African assassin bugs Paredocla and Acanthaspis spp. Animal Behaviour, 63: 277–284.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Camargo, RdS, Forti, LC, de Matos, CAO, Brescovit, AD. 2015. Phoretic behaviour of Attacobius attarum (Roewer, 1935) (Araneae: Corinnidae: Corinninae) dispersion not associated with predation? Journal of Natural History, 49: 1653–1658.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Carico, JE. 1978. Predatory behavior in Euryopis funebris (Hentz) (Araneae: Theridiidae) and the evolutionary significance of web reduction. Symposia of the Zoological Society London, 42: 51–58.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ceccarelli, FS. 2010. Ant-mimicking spider, Myrmarachne species (Araneae: Salticidae), distinguishes its model, the green ant, Oecophylla smaragdina, from a sympatric Batesian O. smaragdina mimic, Riptortus serripes (Hemiptera: Alydidae). Australian Journal of Zoology, 57: 305–309.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chapin, KJ, Hebets, EA. 2016. The behavioral ecology of amblypygids. Journal of Arachnology, 44: 1–14.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chen, Z, Corlett, RT, Jiao, X, Liu, S-J, Charles-Dominique, T, Zhang, S, Li, H, Lai, R, Long, C, Quan, R-C. 2018. Prolonged milk provisioning in a jumping spider. Science, 362: 1052–1055.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Couvreur, J. 1990. Le comportement de “présentation d’un leurre” chez Zodarion rubidum (Zodariidae). Bulletin de la Sociéte européenne d’Arachnologie hors serie, 1: 75–79.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cushing, PE. 1997. Myrmecomorphy and myrmecophily in spiders: A review. Florida Entomologist, 80: 165–193.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cushing, PE. 2012. Spider-ant associations: An updated review of myrmecomorphy, myrmecophily, and myrmecophagy in spiders. Psyche, 2012: 151989.

    Google Scholar 

  • de Armas, LF, Seiter, M. 2013. Phrynus gervaisii (Pocock, 1894) is a junior synonym of Phrynus barbadensis (Pocock, 1893) (Amblypygi: Phrynidae). Revista Ibérica de Aracnología, 23: 128–132.

    Google Scholar 

  • Deeleman-Reinhold, CL. 1992. A new spider genus from Thailand with a unique ant-mimicking device, with description of some other castianeirine spiders (Araneae: Corinnidae: Castianeirinae). Natural History Bulletin of the Siam Society, 40: 167–184.

    Google Scholar 

  • Deeleman-Reinhold, CL. 2001. Forest spiders of South East Asia: with a revision of the sac and ground Spiders (Araneae: Clubionidae, Corinnidae, Liocranidae, Gnapho-sidae, Prodidomidae, and Trochanterriidae). Leiden: Brill.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Dodd, F. 1902. Contribution to the life-history of Liphyra brassolis. Westwood Entomologist, 35: 153–188.

    Google Scholar 

  • Duffield, R. 1981. Biology of Microdon fuscipennis (Diptera: Syrphidae) with interpretations of the reproductive strategies of Microdon species found North of Mexico. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 83: 716–724.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ebermann, E, Moser, JC. 2008. Mites (Acari: Scutacaridae) associated with the red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta Buren (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), from Louisiana and Tennessee, USA. International Journal of Acarology, 34: 55–69.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Edmunds, M. 1978. On the association between Myrmarachne spp. (Salticidae) and ants. Bulletin of the British Arachnological Society, 4: 149–160.

    Google Scholar 

  • Elgar, MA, Allan, RA. 2004. Predatory spider mimics acquire colony-specific cuticular hydrocarbons from their ant model prey. Naturwissenschaften, 91: 143–147.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Elgar, MA, Allan, RA. 2006. Chemical mimicry of the ant Oecophylla smaragdina by the myrmecophilous spider Cosmophasis bitaeniata: Is it colony-specific? Journal of Ethology, 24: 239–246.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Erthal, M, Tonhasca, A. 2001. Attacobius attarum spiders (Corinnidae): Myrmecophilous predators of immature forms of the leaf-cutting ant Atta sexdens (Formicidae). Biotropica, 33: 374–376.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fowler, HG. 1992. Patterns of colonization and incipient nest survival in Acromyrmex niger and Acromyrmex balzani (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Insectes Sociaux, 39: 347–350.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hale, A, Bougie, T, Henderson, E, Sankovitz, M, West, M, Purcell, J. 2018. Notes on hunting behavior of the spider Euryopis californica Banks, 1904 (Araneae: Theridiidae), a novel predator of Veromessor pergandei (Mayr, 1886) harvester ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Pan-Pacific Entomologist, 94: 141–145.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hashimoto, Y, Endo, T, Yamasaki, T, Hyodo, F, Itioka, T. 2020. Constraints on the jumping and prey-capture abilities of ant-mimicking spiders (Salticidae, Salticinae, Myrmarachne). Scientific Reports, 10: 18279.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Hefetz, A. 2007. The evolution of hydrocarbon pheromone parsimony in ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) – interplay of colony odor uniformity and odor idiosyncrasy. Myrmecological News, 10: 59–68.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hinton, H. 1951. Myrmecophilous Lycaenidae and other Lepidoptera: A summary. Proceedings of the London Entomological Natural History Society, 1949–50: 111–175.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hölldobler, B. 1970a. Steatoda fulva (Theridiidae), a spider that feeds on harvester ants. Psyche, 77: 202–208.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Holmes, A. 2019. First observation of Myrmarachne species feeding on ants (Araneae: Salticidae: Myrmarachnini). Peckhamia, 178: 1–4.

    Google Scholar 

  • Huang, J-N, Cheng, R-C, Li, D, Tso, I-M. 2011. Salticid predation as one potential driving force of ant mimicry in jumping spiders. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 278: 1356–1364.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hunt, GL Jr. 1977. Low preferred foraging temperatures and nocturnal foraging in a desert harvester ant. American Naturalist, 111: 589–591.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ichinose, K, Rinaldi, I, Forti, LC. 2004. Winged leaf-cutting ants on nuptial flights used as transport by Attacobius for dispersal. Ecological Entomology, 29.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jackson, RR. 1986. Communal jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae) from Kenya: Interspecific nest complexes, cohabitation with web-building spiders, and intraspecific interactions. New Zealand Journal of Zoology, 13: 13–26.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jackson, RR, Nelson, XJ. 2012. Specialized exploitation of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) by spiders (Araneae). Myrmecological News, 17: 33–49.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jackson, RR, Nelson, XJ, Salm, K. 2008. The natural history of Myrmarachne melanotarsa, a social ant-mimicking jumping spider. New Zealand Journal of Zoology, 35: 225–235.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jackson, RR, Pollard, SD. 2007. Bugs with backpacks deter vision-guided predation by jumping spiders. Journal of Zoology, 273: 358–363.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jackson, RR, Pollard, S, Nelson, X, Edwards, G, Barrion, A. 2001. Jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae) that feed on nectar. Journal of Zoology, 255: 25–29.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jennings, D. 1972. An overwintering aggregation of spiders (Araneae) on cottonwood in New Mexico. Entomological News, 83: 61–67.

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnson, RA. 2000. Water loss in desert ants: Caste variation and the effect of cuticle abrasion. Physiological Entomology, 25: 48–53.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Johnson, RA. 2021. Desiccation limits recruitment in the pleometrotic desert seed-harvester ant Veromessor pergandei. Ecology and Evolution, 11: 294–308.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jutsum, A, Quinlan, R. 1978. Flight and substrate utilisation in laboratory-reared males of Atta sexdens. Journal of Insect Physiology, 24: 821–825.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kaston, B. 1948. Spiders of Connecticut. Bulletin of the Connecticut State Geological and Natural History Survey, 70: 1–874.

    Google Scholar 

  • King, JR, Tschinkel, WR. 2016. Experimental evidence that dispersal drives ant community assembly in human-altered ecosystems. Ecology, 97: 236–249.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kwapich, CL, Gadau, J, Hölldobler, B. 2017. The ecological and genetic basis of annual worker production in the desert seed harvesting ant, Veromessor pergandei. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 71: 110.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kwapich, CL, Hölldobler, B. 2019. Destruction of spider-webs and rescue of ensnared nestmates by a granivorous desert ant (Veromessor pergandei). American Naturalist, 194: 395–404.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • LeClerc, MG, McClain, DC, Black, HL, Jorgensen, CD. 1987. An inquiline relationship between the tailless whip-scorpion Phrynus gervaisii and the giant tropical ant Paraponera clavata. Journal of Arachnology, 15: 129–130.

    Google Scholar 

  • Líznarová, E, Pekár, S. 2016. Metabolic specialisation on preferred prey and constraints in the utilisation of alternative prey in an ant-eating spider. Zoology, 119: 464–470.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • MacKay, WP. 1982. The effect of predation of western widow spiders (Araneae: Theridiidae) on harvester ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Oecologia, 53: 406–411.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Maderspacher, F, Stensmyr, M. 2011. Myrmecomorphomania. Current Biology, 21: R291–R293.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Marson, JE. 1946. The ant mimic Myrmarachne plataleoides camb. in India. Entomologists Monthly Magazine, 82: 52–53.

    Google Scholar 

  • Martin, S, Drijfhout, F. 2009b. Nestmate and task cues are influenced and encoded differently within ant cuticular hydrocarbon profiles. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 35: 368–374.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Maruyama, M, Parker, J. 2017. Deep-time convergence in rove beetle symbionts of army ants. Current Biology, 27: 920–926.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mathew, A. 1934. The life-history of the spider Myrmarachne plataleoides (Cambr.) a mimic of the Indian red ant. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 37: 369–374.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mathew, A. 1954. Observations on the habits of two spider mimics of the red ant, Oecophylla smaragdina (Fabr.). Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 52: 249–263.

    Google Scholar 

  • McMahan, EA. 1983. Adaptations, feeding preferences, and biometrics of a termite-baiting assassin bug (Hemiptera: Reduviidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 76: 483–486.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mello-Leitão, CF. 1923. Sobre uma aranha parasita de saúva. Revista do Museu Paulista, 13: 523–525.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mendonça, CAF, Pesquero, MA, Carvalho, RdSD, de Arruda, FV. 2019. Myrmecophily and myrmecophagy of Attacobius lavape (Araneae: Corinnidae) on Solenopsis saevissima (Hymenoptera: Myrmicinae). Sociobiology, 66: 545–550.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Moura, RR, Vasconcellos-Neto, J, de Oliveira Gonzaga, M. 2017. Extended male care in Manogea porracea (Araneae: Araneidae): The exceptional case of a spider with amphisexual care. Animal Behaviour, 123: 1–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nelson, XJ. 2010. Polymorphism in an ant mimicking jumping spider. Journal of Arachnology, 38: 139–141.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nelson, XJ, Card, A. 2015. Locomotory mimicry in ant-like spiders. Behavioral Ecology, 27: 700–707.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nelson, XJ, Jackson, RR. 2006. Compound mimicry and trading predators by the males of sexually dimorphic Batesian mimics. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 273: 367–372.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nelson, XJ, Jackson, RR. 2007. Complex display behaviour during the intraspecific interactions of myrmecomorphic jumping spiders (Araneae, Salticidae). Journal of Natural History, 41: 1659–1678.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nelson, XJ, Jackson, RR. 2009a. Aggressive use of Batesian mimicry by an ant-like jumping spider. Biology Letters, 5: 755–757.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Nelson, XJ, Jackson, RR. 2009b. Collective Batesian mimicry of ant groups by aggregating spiders. Animal Behaviour, 78: 123–129.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nelson, XJ, Jackson, RR. 2012. How spiders practice aggressive and Batesian mimicry. Current Zoology, 58: 620–629.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Oliveira, PS. 1985. On the mimetic association between nymphs of Hyalymenus spp. (Hemiptera: Alydidae) and ants. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 83: 371–384.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Oliveira, PS, Sazima, I. 1984. The adaptive bases of ant-mimicry in a neotropical aphantochilid spider (Araneae: Aphantochilidae). Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 22: 145–155.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ott, R, von Beeren, C, Hashim, R, Witte, V, Harvey, M. 2015. Sicariomorpha, a new myrmecophilous goblin spider genus (Araneae, Oonopidae) associated with Asian army ants. American Museum Novitates, 3843: 1–14.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Painting, CJ, Nicholson, CC, Bulbert, MW, Norma-Rashid, Y, Li, D. 2017. Nectary feeding and guarding behavior by a tropical jumping spider. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 15: 469–470.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Parker, J. 2016. Myrmecophily in beetles (Coleoptera): Evolutionary patterns and biological mechanisms. Myrmecological News, 22: 65–108.

    Google Scholar 

  • Parker, J, Owens, B. 2018. Batriscydmaenus Parker and Owens, new genus, and convergent evolution of a “reductive” ecomorph in socially symbiotic Pselaphinae (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae). Coleopterists Bulletin, 72: 219–229.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pekár, S, Jarab, M. 2011. Assessment of color and behavioral resemblance to models by inaccurate myrmecomorphic spiders (Araneae). Invertebrate Biology, 130: 83–90.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pekár, S, Jiroš, P. 2011. Do ant mimics imitate cuticular hydrocarbons of their models? Animal Behaviour, 82: 1193–1199.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pekár, S, Křál, J. 2002. Mimicry complex in two central European zodariid spiders (Araneae: Zodariidae): How Zodarion deceives ants. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 75: 517–532.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pekár, S, Mayntz, D, Ribeiro, T, Herberstein, ME. 2010. Specialist ant-eating spiders selectively feed on different body parts to balance nutrient intake. Animal Behaviour, 79: 1301–1306.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pekár, S, Sobotník, J. 2007. Comparative study of the femoral organ in Zodarion spiders (Araneae: Zodariidae). Arthropod Structure and Development, 36: 105–112.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pereira-Filho, JMB, Saturnino, R, Bonaldo, AB. 2018. Five new species and novel descriptions of opposed sexes of four species of the spider genus Attacobius (Araneae: Corinnidae). Zootaxa, 4462: 211–228.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Peretti, AV. 2002. Courtship and sperm transfer in the whip spider Phrynus gervaisii (Amblypygi, Phrynidae): A complement to Weygoldt’s 1977 paper. Journal of Arachnology, 30: 588–600.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pérez, R, Condit, R, Lao, S. 1999. Distribución, mortalidad y associación con plantas, de nidos de Paraponera clavata (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) en la isla de Barro Colorado, Panamá. Revista de Biología Tropical, 47: 697–709.

    Google Scholar 

  • Phillips, ZI. 2021. Emigrating together but not establishing together: A cockroach rides ants and leaves. American Naturalist, 197: 138–145

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Phillips, ZI, Reding, L, Farrior, CE. 2021. The early life of a leaf-cutter ant colony constrains symbiont vertical transmission and favors horizontal transmission. Ecology and Evolution, 11: 11718–11729.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Phillips, ZI, Zhang, MM, Mueller, UG. 2017. Dispersal of Attaphila fungicola, a symbiotic cockroach of leaf-cutter ants. Insectes Sociaux, 64: 277–284.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Piza, SdT. 1937. Novas espécies de aranhas myrmecomorphas do Brazil e consideraçoes sobre o seu mimetismo. Revista do Museu Paulista, 23: 307–319.

    Google Scholar 

  • Platnick, NI, Baptista, RL. 1995. On the spider genus Attacobius (Araneae, Dionycha). American Museum Novitates, 3120: 1–9.

    Google Scholar 

  • Plowes, NJR, Johnson, RA, Hölldobler, B. 2013. Foraging behavior in the ant genus Messor (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmicinae). Myrmecological News, 18: 33–49.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pollard, SD. 1994. Consequences of sexual selection on feeding in male jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae). Journal of Zoology, 234: 203–208.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Porter, SD, Eastmond, DA. 1982. Euryopis coki (Theridiidae), a spider that preys on Pogonomyrmex ants. Journal of Arachnology, 10: 275–277.

    Google Scholar 

  • Prószyński, J. 2016. Delimitation and description of 19 new genera, a subgenus and a species of Salticidae (Araneae) of the world. Ecologica Montenegrina, 7: 4–32.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ramachandra, P, Hill, DE. 2018. Predation by the weaver ant Oecophylla smaragdina (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Formicinae) on its mimic jumping spider Myrmarachne plataleoides (Araneae: Salticidae: Astioida: Myrmarachnini). Peckhamia, 174: 1–8.

    Google Scholar 

  • Seevers, CH. 1957. A monograph on the termitophilous staphylinidae (Coleoptera). Fieldiana Zoology, 40: 1–334.

    Google Scholar 

  • Seevers, CH. 1965. The systematic, evolution and zoogeography of staphylinid beetles associated with army ants (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Fieldiana Zoology, 47: 137–351.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shamble, PS, Hoy, RR, Cohen, I, Beatus, T. 2017. Walking like an ant: A quantitative and experimental approach to understanding locomotor mimicry in the jumping spider Myrmarachne formicaria. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 284: 20170308.

    Article  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Sokolov, IM, Sokolova, YY, Fuxa, JR. 2003. Histiostomatid mites (Histiostomatidae: Astigmata: Acarina). Journal of Entomological Science, 38: 699–702.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sprenger, PP, Menzel, F. 2020. Cuticular hydrocarbons in ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) and other insects: How and why they differ among individuals, colonies, and species. Myrmecological News, 30: 1–26.

    Google Scholar 

  • Uppstrom, KA, Klompen, H. 2011. Mites (Acari) associated with the desert seed harvester ant, Messor pergandei (Mayr). Psyche: 974646.

    Google Scholar 

  • Uy, FMK, Adcock, JD, Jefries, SF, Pepere, E. 2019. Intercolony distance predicts the decision to rescue or attack conspecifics in weaver ants. Insectes Sociaux, 66: 185–192.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • von Beeren, C, Hashim, R, Witte, V. 2012a. The social integration of a myrmecophilous spider does not depend exclusively on chemical mimicry. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 38: 262–271.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wasmann, E. 1889b. Zur Lebens- und Entwicklungsgeschichte von Dinarda. Wiener Entomologische Zeitung, 8: 153–162.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wasmann, E. 1903. Zur näheren Kenntnis des echten Gastverhältnisses (Symphilie) bei den Ameisen- und Termitengästen. Biologisches Zentralblatt, 23: 63–72, 195–207, 232–248, 261–276, 298–310.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wasmann, E. 1925. Die Ameisenmimikry. Berlin: Verlag Gebrüder Borntraeger.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wesołowska, W, Salm, K. 2002. A new species of Myrmarachne from Kenya (Araneae: Salticidae). Wroclaw, 13: 409–415.

    Google Scholar 

  • Witte, V, Hänel, H, Weissflog, A, Rosli, H, Maschwitz, U. 1999. Social integration of the myrmecophilic spider Gamasomorpha maschwitzi (Araneae: Oonopidae) in colonies of the South East Asian army ant, Leptogenys distinguenda (Formicidae: Ponerinae). Sociobiology, 34: 145–159.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wunderlich, J. 1994. Beschreibung bisher unbekannter Spinnenarten und -gattungen aus Malaysia und Indonesien (Arachnida: Araneae: Oonopidae, Tetrablemmidae, Telemidae, Pholcidae, Linyphiidae, Nesticidae, Theridiidae und Dictynidae). Beiträge zur Araneologie, 4: 559–579.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yamamoto, S, Maruyama, M, Parker, J. 2016. Evidence for social parasitism of early insect societies by Cretaceous rove beetles. Nature Communications, 7: 1–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2023 Der/die Herausgeber bzw. der/die Autor(en), exklusiv lizenziert an Springer-Verlag GmbH, DE, ein Teil von Springer Nature

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Hölldobler, B., Kwapich, C. (2023). Spinnen und andere Nachahmer, Vortäuscher und Räuber. In: Die Gäste der Ameisen. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-66526-8_6

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics