Zusammenfassung
Physische Belastungen integrieren die Schmerzhemmung. Der Pathogenese angepasst, sind sie Schlüsselinterventionen des Schmerzmanagements und Psychotherapie bei chronischen Schmerzen jeder Genese, um die zentrale Sensibilisierung mit der gestörten Schmerzhemmung zurückzudrängen und höchste Gehirnleistungen erneut anti-nozizeptiv zu prägen. Die Kunst der psychologischen und somatischen Therapiegestaltung ist es, Placeboeffekte zu generieren. Schmerzverstärkungen müssen vermieden werden, um Noceboeffekte als „Therapiebarrieren“ zu verhindern. Aerobes Training und Krafttraining reduzieren bei Gesunden die Schmerzempfindlichkeit unter und kurze Zeit nach der Belastung. Das Ausmaß ist von den Schmerzprovokationen und dem Belastungsprotokoll abhängig. Aerobe Belastungen haben moderate und Kraftbelastungen große Effekte. Bei chronischen Schmerzen verursachen aerobe und isometrische Belastungen eine variable Schmerzhemmung. Begrenzt ist die Reaktion paradox. Physische Belastungen sind Schmerztherapeutika.
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Laube, W., Daase, A. (2023). Aktive Bausteine zur strukturbasierten Qualifizierung der Schmerzhemmmechanismen und zur langfristigen anti-nozizeptiven peripheren und zentralen Reorganisation. In: Regulative Schmerztherapie . Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-66215-1_7
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