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Klimawandel und der Untergang von Hochkulturen

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Zusammenfassung

In allen beschriebenen Kulturepochen spielte der Klimawandel für den Zusammenbruch der Hochkulturen in ganz verschiedenen Kontinenten eine große Rolle. Vor dem Hintergrund des vom Menschen über die Treibhausgasemissionen erzeugten Klimawandels in der Jetztzeit stellt sich die Frage nach den Konsequenzen in einer hochkomplexen industrialisierten globalisierten Welt und droht ein Kultur/Gesellschaftskollaps zukünftig wie in früheren Hochkulturen? Die gewählten Beispiele in diesem Buch zeigen ohne Frage mit dem Auftreten langer Dürrephasen (Vorderer Orient, Maya-Kultur, Nazca-Kultur, Tiwanaku-Reich) oder Temperaturerniedrigung (Wikinger) einen markanten Stressfaktor für die Hochkulturen auf. Sowohl Aspekte des gesellschaftlichen Kollaps wie auch der Transformation werden in diesem Kapitel diskutiert. Dabei liefern die neuen, zeitlich hochauflösenden naturwissenschaftlichen Methoden mit der Paläoklimaforschung eine veränderte Sichtweise auf den Zusammenbruch früherer Reiche und deren Transformation in neue Gesellschaftssysteme. Es können zahlreiche Parallelen zu den drohenden globalen Effekten des anthropogenen Klimawandels mit den Ressourcengrenzen des Erdsystems und seinen Schwellenwerten (tipping points) gezogen werden. Unter anderem wird diskutiert: drohen Ernährungskrisen, Gewaltkonflikte und in deren Folge Migrationsschübe?

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  1. Geographisches Institut, Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Deutschland

    Gerhard Gerold

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Correspondence to Gerhard Gerold .

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© 2021 Der/die Autor(en), exklusiv lizenziert durch Springer-Verlag GmbH, DE, ein Teil von Springer Nature

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Gerold, G. (2021). Lehren für die Zukunft?. In: Klimawandel und der Untergang von Hochkulturen. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-63891-0_8

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