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Maligne nichtepitheliale Tumoren des Ovars

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Praxisbuch Gynäkologische Onkologie
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Zusammenfassung

Die malignen, nichtepithelialen Tumoren des Ovars machen ca. 10 % der Ovarialmalignome aus. Die beiden wichtigsten Vertreter sind die Keimzelltumoren und die Keimstrang-Stroma-Tumoren. Bei Ersteren kann zwischen Dysgerminomen und den nichtdysgerminalen Keimzelltumoren unterschieden werden. Bei den nichtdysgerminalen Keimzelltumoren spielen das unreife Teratom und der Dottersacktumor die wichtigste Rolle. Ein Teil der Keimzelltumoren weist endokrine Aktivität auf. Das Dysgerminom ist der häufigste maligne Ovarialtumor im Kindes-, Jugend- und frühen Erwachsenenalter. Bei Keimzelltumoren ist unter der Voraussetzung eines sorgfältigen chirurgischen Stagings die einseitige Adnexektomie mit Erhaltung der Fertilität im FIGO-Stadium IA möglich. Mit Ausnahme von reinen Dysgerminomen im FIGO-Stadium IA sowie low-grade unreifen Teratomen im FIGO-Stadium IA ist eine postoperative Chemotherapie indiziert, wobei die Kombination von Bleomycin/Etoposid/Cisplatin (BEP) als Chemotherapie der Wahl angesehen wird. Keimstrang-Stroma-Tumoren haben als wichtigsten Vertreter den Granulosazelltumor, den häufigsten nichtepithelialen Ovarialtumor. Man unterscheidet adulte Granulosazelltumoren (95 %) von den viel selteneren, prognostisch günstigen juvenilen Formen (5 %), die in den ersten zwei Lebensdekaden auftreten.

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Fink, D., Fehr, M.K. (2019). Maligne nichtepitheliale Tumoren des Ovars. In: Petru, E., Fink, D., Köchli, O., Loibl, S. (eds) Praxisbuch Gynäkologische Onkologie. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-57430-0_8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-57430-0_8

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