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Perception of Timbre and Sound Color

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Springer Handbook of Systematic Musicology

Part of the book series: Springer Handbooks ((SHB))

Abstract

This chapter deals with perception of timbre or sound color. Both concepts can be distinguished in regard to terminology as well as to their historical and factual background even though both relate to some common features for which an objective (acoustic) basis exists. Sections of this chapter review in brief developments in (traditional and electronic) musical instruments as well as in research on timbre and sound color. A subchapter on sensation and perception of timbre offers a retrospective on classical concepts of tone color or sound color and reviews some modern approaches from Schaeffer's objet sonore to semantic differentials and multidimensional scaling. Taking a functional approach, acoustical features (such as transients and modulation) and perceptual attributes of timbre as well as interrelations between pitch and timbre are discussed. In a final section, fundamentals of sound segregation and auditory streaming are outlined. For most of the phenomena covered in this chapter, examples are provided including sound analyses obtained with signal processing methods.

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Abbreviations

3-D:

three-dimensional

AC:

autocorrelation

ACF:

autocorrelation function

ADSR:

attack, decay, sustain, release

AM:

amplitude modulation

AuP:

auditory pathway

BM:

basilar membrane

BPM:

beats per minute

CB:

critical band

DL:

difference limen

DSP:

digital signal processing

FA:

factor analysis

FFT:

fast Fourier transform

FM:

frequency modulation

IC:

inferior colliculus

ILD:

interaural level difference

ITD:

interaural time difference

JND:

just-noticeable difference

LTM:

long-term memory

MDS:

multidimensional scaling

PCA:

principal component analysis

SF:

spectral flux

SHS:

subharmonic pitch summation

SPL:

sound pressure level

VAME:

verbal attribute magnitude estimation

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    Albrecht Schneider

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Schneider, A. (2018). Perception of Timbre and Sound Color. In: Bader, R. (eds) Springer Handbook of Systematic Musicology. Springer Handbooks. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-55004-5_32

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