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Verschlusserkrankungen der kruropedalen Arterien: Klinik und offene Revaskularisation

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Operative und interventionelle Gefäßmedizin

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Zusammenfassung

Operative Eingriffe an den infrapoplitealen Arterien sind auch in geübten Händen mit einer relevanten Komplikationsrate verbunden, die höher ist als nach Rekonstruktionen proximal gelegener Gefäßabschnitte (Becken- und Oberschenkeletage). Sie werden daher – mit wenigen Ausnahmen (akute Ischämie durch Thrombembolie, Aneurysmen poplitealer und kruropedaler Arterien, Infekt, Trauma) – ausschließlich im Stadium der chronisch kritischen durchgeführt. Dieses Stadium der peripheren arteriellen Verschlusskrankheit stellt den Endpunkt der Erkrankung dar und ist durch eine drohende Amputation der betroffenen Extremität gekennzeichnet. Diesem Stadium wird klinisch die Situation eines Ruheschmerzes (Fontaine-Stadium III) und der bereits eingetretene Gewebsverlust mit Nekrose und/oder Gangrän (Fontaine-Stadium IV) zugeordnet. Die chronische, meist mehrere Jahre bestehende Ischämie führt neben dem Gewebsuntergang im Endstadium auch zu weiteren, ischämietypischen Symptomen (Abb. 1).

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Diener, H., Debus, E.S. (2020). Verschlusserkrankungen der kruropedalen Arterien: Klinik und offene Revaskularisation. In: Debus, E., Gross-Fengels, W. (eds) Operative und interventionelle Gefäßmedizin. Springer Reference Medizin. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-53380-2_87

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