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Extraction of Metals with ABS

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Ionic-Liquid-Based Aqueous Biphasic Systems

Part of the book series: Green Chemistry and Sustainable Technology ((GCST))

Abstract

The extraction of metallic ions by the use of mixtures of water and ILs, possibly completed by mineral acids, salts, and/or extracting agents, leading to ionic-liquid-aqueous biphasic systems (IL-ABS), is critically reviewed. In this chapter, the extraction performance induced by temperature or concentration stimulus is considered. First, the IL-ABS basic physicochemical properties are recalled, highlighting those of interest to metal extraction. Then, the main results are presented and discussed for systems ordered and categorized by IL types. Various extensions of the notion of IL-ABS are given and briefly discussed as an advocacy in favor of a continuous line between “real” ABS comprising ILs and other liquid-liquid extraction systems including one IL.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Therefore Eq. 9.2 is not balanced in charge.

  2. 2.

    This concentration corresponds to the initial concentration in the single IL phase.

  3. 3.

    This corresponds to the counterintuitive (but stimulating) notion of precipitation of a liquid that could possibly be lying as an upper phase. This observation can also be found in the recent paper [53]. Dupont D, Depuydt D, and Binnemans K (2015): Overview of the effect of salts on biphasic ionic liquid/water solvent extraction systems: anion exchange, mutual solubility and thermomorphic properties. J. Phys. Chem. B 119:6747–6757.

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  1. Université Grenoble Alpes, LEPMI, Grenoble, F-38000, France

    Isabelle Billard

  2. CNRS, LEPMI, Grenoble, F-38000, France

    Isabelle Billard

  3. LEPMI, 1140, rue de la Piscine, Saint Martin d’Hères, 38402, France

    Isabelle Billard

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  1. CICECO – Aveiro Institute of Materials, Chemistry Department, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal

    Mara G. Freire

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Billard, I. (2016). Extraction of Metals with ABS. In: Freire, M. (eds) Ionic-Liquid-Based Aqueous Biphasic Systems. Green Chemistry and Sustainable Technology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-52875-4_9

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