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Acute Myeloid Leukemia

  • Reference work entry
  • First Online:
Encyclopedia of Cancer

  • 261 Accesses

Synonyms

Acute granulocytic leukemia; Acute myelogenous leukemia; Acute nonlymphocytic leukemia; ANLL

Definition

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is part of a group of hematological malignancies (Hematological Malignancies, Leukemias and Lymphomas) in the bone marrow involving cells committed to the myeloid line of cellular development. It is defined by the malignant transformation of a bone marrow-derived, self-renewing stem cell or progenitor which demonstrates a decreased rate of self-destruction and aberrant differentiation. Uncontrolled growth of such cells, named blasts, is the result of clonal proliferation. Blasts accumulate in the bone marrow and other organs. As a result, mature cells of hematopoiesis are suppressed. For the leukemia to be called acute, the bone marrow must include greater than 20% leukemic blasts.

Characteristics

Classification

The first comprehensive morphologic-histochemical classification system for AML was developed by the French-American-British (FAB)...

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References

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See Also

  • (2012) Clonal Proliferation. In: Schwab M (ed) Encyclopedia of Cancer, 3rd edn. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, p 884. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-16483-5_1220

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  • (2012) Comorbidity. In: Schwab M (ed) Encyclopedia of Cancer, 3rd edn. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, p 960. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-16483-5_1280

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  • (2012) Cytogenetic Analysis. In: Schwab M (ed) Encyclopedia of Cancer, 3rd edn. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, p 1050. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-16483-5_1468

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  • (2012) Differentiation. In: Schwab M (ed) Encyclopedia of Cancer, 3rd edn. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, p 1113. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-16483-5_1616

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  • (2012) Hematopoiesis. In: Schwab M (ed) Encyclopedia of Cancer, 3rd edn. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, p 1644. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-16483-5_2616

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  • (2012) Myeloid. In: Schwab M (ed) Encyclopedia of Cancer, 3rd edn. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, p 2436. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-16483-5_3935

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  • (2012) Petechiae. In: Schwab M (ed) Encyclopedia of Cancer, 3rd edn. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, p 2829. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-16483-5_4481

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, Clinical Trials Office, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany

    Barbara Deschler

Authors
  1. Barbara Deschler
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Barbara Deschler .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Tumorgenetik, Heidelberg, Germany

    Manfred Schwab

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Deschler, B. (2014). Acute Myeloid Leukemia. In: Schwab, M. (eds) Encyclopedia of Cancer. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-46875-3_60

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