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Physiology of growth and morphogenesis in bacteria

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Differentiation and Development / Differenzierung und Entwicklung

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Abstract

The isolation of a pure culture of bacteria involves not only the elimination of foreign species, but also an adaptation to growth under different environmental conditions (Parr and Robbins 1942). The latter naturally results in the selection of those cells most suited to the new environment, a process which will be repeated on transfer from one set of cultural conditions to another. Thus, any changes in the environment are likely to induce modifications in physiological and/or morphological characteristics (Dubos 1945). Even when the composition of the initial medium and other environmental factors remain constant and reproducible, the characteristics of a pure culture are not invariable. All bacterial species, with the possible exceptions of members of the diphtheria group and Bacillus mallei, exhibit a maximum length in the early stages of the growth cycle (e.g., Henrici 1928, Clark and Ruehl 1919, and Huntington and Winslow 1937). During the lag period in the development of the culture, the mean cell volume increases to a maximum before the maximum multiplication rate is attained. This increase in cell volume is due both to an increase in cell substance and to the uptake of water (Malmgren and Hedén 1947).

The following abbreviations of generic names are used throughout this review: A. = Aerobacter, B. = Bacillus, Cl. = Clostridium, E. = Escherichia, L. = Lactobacillus, P. = Proteus, Ps. = Pseudomonas, S. = Salmonella, Staph. = Staphylococcus, Strep. = Streptococcus.

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Botany, University of Manchester, Manchester, Great Britain

    Allan Allsopp Ph.S., D.Sc. (Senior Lecturer in Cryptogamic Botany) & K. J. Dormer (Dr.) (Senior Lecturer in Cryptogamic Botany) &  (Dr.)

  2. 518 South 42nd Street, Philadelphia, Pa., USA

    Robert Bloch (Dr.) (Dr.)

  3. Department of Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, USA

    John Tyler Bonner (Dr., Professor) (Dr., Professor)

  4. Institut für Botanik, Technischen Hochschule Hannover, 3 Hannover-Herrenhausen, Herrenhäuser Str. 2, Deutschland

    Martin Bopp (Dr., o. Professor der Botanik) (Dr., o. Professor der Botanik)

  5. Laboratoire de Morphologie animale, Université libre, 1850 Chaussée de Wavre, Bruxelles, Belgique

    Jean Brachet (Dr., Professor) (Dr., Professor)

  6. Department of Botany, Edinburgh University, Edinburgh, Great Britain

    Robert Brown (Dr., Professor) & John Kenneth Heyes (Dr.) (Dr., Professor) &  (Dr.)

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    Erwin Bünning (Dr., Professor) (Dr., Professor)

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  10. Faculté des Sciences, 1 Avenue Vercingétorix, Clermont-Ferrand, Puy-de-Dôme, France

    Paul Champagnat (Dr., Professeur de Physiologie végétale) (Dr., Professeur de Physiologie végétale)

  11. Laboratorium voor Tuinbouwplantenteelt, Landbouwhoogeschool, P.O. Box 30, Wageningen, The Netherlands

    Jan Doorenbos (Dr.) (Dr.)

  12. Federal Experiment Station, Crops Research Division, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Mayaguez, Puerto Rico, USA

    Luis E. Gregory (Dr., Plant Physiologist) (Dr., Plant Physiologist)

  13. Botanisches Institut, Universität Frankfurt, Siesmayerstr. 70, 6 Frankfurt/Main, Deutschland

    Wilhelm Halbsguth (Dr., ao. Professor) (Dr., ao. Professor)

  14. Department of Botany, University of Bristol, Bristol, Great Britain

    Lilian E. Hawker (Dr., Reader in Mycology) (Dr., Reader in Mycology)

  15. California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA

    Anton Lang (Dr., Professor of Biology) (Dr., Professor of Biology)

  16. Department of Genetics, The University, Edgbaston, Birmingham 15, Great Britain

    Kenneth Mather C.B.E., D.Sc., F.R.S. (Professor) (Professor)

  17. Le Phytotron, Gif-sur-Yvette, S.-et-O., France

    Jean P. Nitsch (Dr., Associate Director) (Dr., Associate Director)

  18. Rothamsted Experimental Station, Harpenden, Great Britain

    Philip S. Nutman (Dr.) (Dr.)

  19. 119 North College Ave.,, Claremont, California, USA

    Mildred Smith Quinlan (Mrs.), M. Sc. (Project Assistant) (Project Assistant)

  20. Department of Bacteriology, The University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA

    Mildred Smith Quinlan (Mrs.), M. Sc. (Project Assistant) & Kenneth B. Raper (Dr., Professor of Bacteriology and Botany) (Project Assistant) &  (Dr., Professor of Bacteriology and Botany)

  21. Laboratorium voor Plantkunde, Landbouwhogeschool, Arboretumlaan 4, Wageningen, The Netherlands

    Cornelia A. Reinders-Gouwentak (Dr., Professor) (Dr., Professor)

  22. Pharmakognostisches Institut der Universität, Nußallee 2, 53 Bonn, Deutschland

    Maximilian Steiner (Dr., o. Professor) (Dr., o. Professor)

  23. Botanisches Institut, 355 Marburg/Lahn, Deutschland

    Hans-Adolf von Stosch (Dr., Professor) (Dr., Professor)

  24. Biological Laboratories, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA

    John G. Torrey (Dr., Professor of Botany) (Dr., Professor of Botany)

  25. University of Manchester, Manchester, Great Britain

    Claude Wilson Wardlaw (Professor of Botany) (Professor of Botany)

  26. Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridg, Great Britain

    Michael Webb D.Sc., Ph.D., Ph.D.

  27. Genetisches Institut, Universität Kopenhagen, Kopenhagen, Dänemark

    Diter von Wettstein (fil. dr., Dr. rer. nat., Professor) (fil. dr., Dr. rer. nat., Professor)

  28. The Plant Research Institute, The University of Texas, Austin, Texas, USA

    W. Gordon Whaley (Dr., Professor of Botany and Director) (Dr., Professor of Botany and Director)

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Webb, M. (1965). Physiology of growth and morphogenesis in bacteria. In: Allsopp, A., et al. Differentiation and Development / Differenzierung und Entwicklung. Encyclopedia of Plant Physiology / Handbuch der Pflanzenphysiologie. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-36273-0_20

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-36273-0_20

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