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Strategies to Improve PAH Bioavailability: Addition of Surfactants, Ozonation and Application of Ultrasound

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Treatment of Contaminated Soil

Abstract

Hydrophobic compounds, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), mineral oils, or halogenated chemicals, represent pollutants of high ecotoxicological relevance at many contaminated sites. Most of these pollutants are biodegradable (Cerniglia 1992; van Hylckama Vlieg and Janssen 2000; Wischnak and Müller 2000) but their rate of biodegradation is limited by low bioavailability. In general, microbial uptake and degradation of pollutants predominantly occurs in the aqueous phase. Pollutants present as crystals (Stucki and Alexander 1987; Tiehm 1994) or in nonaqueous phase liquids (Mukherji and Weber Jr. 1998), as well as compounds sorbed by organic or inorganic matter (Guerin and Boyd 1997; Harms and Zehnder 1995), first have to be transferred into the aqueous phase before biodegradation is possible (Mahro 2000). Con-sequently, recently published models taking into account mass transfer and micro-biological parameters correlate well with measured biodegradation kinetics of hydrophobic model compounds (Ghoshal and Luthy 1998; Mulder et al. 1998a).

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  1. Water Technology Center, 76139, Karlsruher Straße 84, Karlsruhe, Germany

    A. Tiehm & M. Stieber

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  1. A. Tiehm
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Arbeitsbereich Abfallwirtschaft, TU Hamburg-Harburg, Harburger Schloßstraße 36, 21071, Hamburg, Germany

    Rainer Stegmann

  2. Arbeitsbereich Verfahrenstechnik II, TU Hamburg-Harburg, Eißendorferstraße 38, 21073, Hamburg, Germany

    Gerd Brunner

  3. Arbeitsbereich Umweltschutztechnik, TU Hamburg-Harburg, Eißendorferstraße 40, 21073, Hamburg, Germany

    Wolfgang Calmano

  4. Arbeitsbereich Elektrotechnik I, TU Hamburg-Harburg, Harburger Schloßstraße 20, 21071, Hamburg, Germany

    Gerhard Matz

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Tiehm, A., Stieber, M. (2001). Strategies to Improve PAH Bioavailability: Addition of Surfactants, Ozonation and Application of Ultrasound. In: Stegmann, R., Brunner, G., Calmano, W., Matz, G. (eds) Treatment of Contaminated Soil. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04643-2_20

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04643-2_20

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