Skip to main content

Peroxisomal Disorders

  • Chapter
Inborn Metabolic Diseases

Abstract

Peroxisomal disorders can be recognized by the presence of dysmorphias, neurologic abnormalities and hepato-intestinal dysfunction. Widely different features are the following:

  • Craniofacial abnormalities, skeletal dysmorphias, shortened proximal limbs, calcific stippling of the epiphyses

  • Encephalopathy, fits, peripheral neuropathy, abnormal gait, hypotonia

  • Ocular abnormalities such as retinopathy, optic-nerve dysplasia, cataracts

  • Hepato-intestinal dysfunction, hepatomegaly and cholestasis

Possibilities for (dietary) treatment are limited.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 74.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Fournier B, Smeitink JAM, Dorland L et al. (1994) Peroxiso-mal disorders: a review. J Inherit Metab Dis 17: 470–486

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Wanders RJA, Heymans HSA, Schutgens RBH et al. (1988) Peroxisomal disorders in neurology. J Neurol Sci 88: 1–39

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Baumgartner MR, Poll-The BT, Jakobs C et al. (1998) Clinical approach to inherited peroxisomal disorders. Consecutive series of patients. Ann Neurol 44: 720–730

    Google Scholar 

  4. Poll-The BT, Saudubray JM, Ogier H et al. (1987) Clinical approach to inherited peroxisomal disorders. In: Vogel F, Sperling (eds) Human genetics. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg. New York, pp 345–351

    Google Scholar 

  5. Ten Brink HJ, Wanders RJA, ChristensenE, Brandt NJ, Jakobs C (1994) Heterogeneity in di/trihydroxycholestanoic acidemia. Ann Clin Biochem 31: 195–197

    Google Scholar 

  6. De Craemer D, Zweens MJ, Lyonnet S et al. (1991) Very large peroxisomes in distinct peroxisomal disorders (rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata and acyl-CoA oxidase deficiency): novel data. Virchows Arch [A] Pathol Anat 419: 523–525

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Poll-The BT, Maroteaux P, Narcy C et al. (1991) A new type of chondrodysplasia punctata associated with peroxisomal dysfunction. J Inherit Metab Dis 14: 361–363

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Smeitink JAM, Beemer FA, Espeel M et al. (1992) Bone dysplasia associated with phytanic acid accumulation and deficient plasmalogen synthesis: a peroxisomal entity amenable to plasmapheresis. J Inherit Metab Dis 15: 377–380.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Barth PG, Wanders RJA, Schutgens RBH, Staalman CR (1996) Variant rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata (RCDP) with normal plasma phytanic acid: clinico-biochemical delineation of a subtype and complementation studies. Am J Med Genet 62: 164–168

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Wanders RJA, Schumacher H, Heikoop J, Schutgens RBH, Tager JM (1992) Human dihydroxyacetonephosphate acyltransferase deficiency: a new peroxisomal disorder. J Inherit Metab Dis 15389–391

    Google Scholar 

  11. Wanders RJA, Dekker C, Hovarth VAP et al. (1994) Human alkyldihydroxyacetonephosphate synthase deficiency: a new peroxisomal disorder. J Inherit Metab Dis 17: 315–318

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Poll-The BT, Saudubray JM, Ogier H et al. (1987) Infantile Refsum disease: an inherited peroxisomal disorder. Comparison with Zellweger syndrome and neonatal adrenoleukodystrophy. Eur J Pediatr 146: 477–483

    Google Scholar 

  13. Baumgartner R, Verhoeven NM, Jakobs C, Roels F, Espeel M, Martinez M, Rabier D, Wanders RJ, Saudubray JM (1998) Defective peroxisome biogenesis with a neuromuscular disorder resembling Werdnig-Hoffmann disease. Neurology 51: 1427–1432

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Poll-The BT, Roels F, Ogier H et al. (1988) A new peroxisomal disorder with enlarged peroxisomes and a specific deficiency of acyl-CoA oxidase (pseudo-neonatal adrenoleukodystrophy). Am J Hum Genet 42: 422–434

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Suzuki Y, Shimozawa N, Yajima S et al. (1994) Novel subtype of peroxisomal acyl-CoA oxidase deficiency and bifunctional enzyme deficiency with detectable enzyme protein: identification by means of complementation analysis. Am J Hum Genet 54: 36–43

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Watkins PA, Chen WN, Harris CJ et al. (1989) Peroxisomal bifunctional enzyme deficiency. J Clin Invest 83: 771–777

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Schram AW, Goldfischer S, van Roermund CWT et al. (1987) Human peroxisomal 3-oxoacyl-coenzyme A thiolase deficiency. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 84: 2494–2496

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Hoffmann G, Gibson KM, Brandt IK et al. (1986) Mevalonic aciduria–an inborn error of cholesterol and nonsterol isoprene biosynthesis. N Engl J Med 314: 1610–1614

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Biardi L, Sreedhar A, Zokaei A et al. (1994) Mevalonate kinase is predominantly localized in peroxisomes and is defective in patients with peroxisome deficiency disorders. J Biol Chem 269: 1197–1205

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Aubourg P, Kremser K, Roland MO, Rocchiccioli F, Singh I (1993) Pseudo infantile Refsum’s disease: catalase-deficient peroxisomal particles with partial deficiency of plasmalogen synthesis and oxidation of fatty acids. Pediatr Res 34: 270–276

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Poll-The BT, Billette de Villemeur T, Abitbol M, Dufier JL, Saudubray JM (1992) Metabolic pigmentary retinopathies: diagnosis and therapeutic attempts. Eur J Pediatr 151: 2–11

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Tint GS, Irons M, Elias E et al. (1994) Defective cholesterol biosynthesis associated with the Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome. N Engl J Med 330: 107–113

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Moser HW, Moser AB, Smith KD et al. (1992) Adrenoleukodystrophy: phenotype variability and implications for therapy. J Inherit Metab Dis 15: 645–664

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Tranchant C, Aubourg P, Mohr M et al. (1993) A new peroxisomal disease with impaired phytanic and pipecolic acid oxidation. Neurology 43: 2044–2048

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Reddy JK, Mannaerts GP (1994) Peroxisomal lipid metabolism. Annu Rev Nutr 14: 343–370

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Van den Bosch H, Schutgens RBH, Wanders RJA, Tager JG (1992) Biochemistry of peroxisomes. Annu Rev Biochem 61: 157–197

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Subramani S (1997) PEX genes on the rise. Nature Genet 15; 331–333

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Mosser J, Douar AM, Sarde CO et al. (1993) Putative X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy gene shares unexpected homology with ABC transporters. Nature 361: 726–730

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Danpure CJ, Copper PJ, Wise PJ, Jennings PR (1989) An enzyme trafficking defect in two patients with primary hyperoxaluria type 1: peroxisomal alanine: glyoxylate aminotransferase rerouted to mitochondria. J Cell Biol 108: 1345–1352

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Verhoeven NM, Wanders RJA, Poll-The BT, Saudubray JM, Jakobs C (1998) The metabolism of phytanic and pristanic acid in man: a review. J Inherit Metab Dis 21: 697–728

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Wanders RJA, Denis S, Wouters F, Wirtz KWA, Seedorf U (1997) Sterol carrier protein x (SCPx) is a peroxisomal branched-chain 13-ketothiolase specifically reacting with 3-oxo-pristanoyl-CoA: a new, unique role for SCPx in branched-chain fatty acid metabolism in peroxisomes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 236: 565–569

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Bennett MJ, Pollitt RJ, Goodman SI, Hale DE, Vamecq J (1991) Atypical riboflavin-responsive glutaric aciduria, and deficient peroxisomal glutaryl-CoA oxidase activity: a new peroxisomal disorder. J Inherit Metab Dis 14: 165–173

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Mandel H, Espeel M, Roels F et al. (1994) A new type of peroxisomal disorder with variable expression in liver and fibroblasts. J Pediatr 125549–555

    Google Scholar 

  34. Ten Brink HJ, van den Heuvel CMM, Poll-The BT, Wanders RJA, Jakobs C (1993) Peroxisomal disorders: concentrations of metabolites in cerebrospinal fluid compared with plasma. J Inherit Metab Dis 16: 587–590

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Jakobs C, van den Heuvel CMM, Stellaard F et al. •(1993) Diagnosis of Zellweger syndrome by analysis of very long-chain fatty acids in stored blood spots collected at neonatal screening. J Inherit Metab Dis 16: 63–66

    Google Scholar 

  36. Ten Brink HJ, van den Heuvel CMM, Christensen E, Largillière C, Jakobs C (1993) Diagnosis of peroxisomal disorders by analysis of phytanic and pristanic acids in stored blood spots collected at neonatal screening. Clin Chem 39: 1904–1906

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Roels F, Espeel M, De Craemer D (1991) Liver pathology and immunocytochemistry in congenital peroxisomal diseases: a review. J Inherit Metab Dis 14: 853–875

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Espeel, M, Mandel H, Poggi F, et al. (1995) Peroxisome mosaicism in the livers of peroxisomal deficient patients. Hepatology 22: 497–504

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Feigenbaum B, Lombard-Platet G, Guidoux S et al. (1996) Mutational and protein analysis of patients and heterozygous woman with X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy. Am J Hum Genet 58x135–1144

    Google Scholar 

  40. Aubourg P, Blanche S, Jambaqué I et al. (1990) Reversal of early neurologic and neuroradiologic manifestations of X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy by bone marrow transplantation. N Engl J Med 322: 1860–1866

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Martinez M (1992) Treatment with docosahexaenoic acid favorably modifies the fatty acid composition of erythrocytes in peroxisomal patients. In: Coats PM, Tanaka K (eds) New developments in fatty acid oxidation. Wiley-Liss, New York, pp 389–397

    Google Scholar 

  42. Robertson EF, Poulos A, Sharp P et al. (1988) Treatment of infantile phytanic acid storage disease: clinical, biochemical and ultra-structural findings in two children treated for 2 years. Eur J Pediatr 147: 133–142

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Brul S, Westerveld A, Strijland A et al. (1988) Genetic heterogeneity in the cerebrohepatorenal (Zellweger) syndrome and other inherited disorders with generalized impairment of peroxisomal functions. A study using cornplementation analysis. J Clin Invest 81: 1710–1715

    Google Scholar 

  44. Poll-The BT, Skjeldal OH, Stokke O et al. (1989) Phytanic acid alpha-oxidation and complementation analysis of classical Refsum and peroxisomal disorders. Hum Genet 81: 175–181

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Roscher AA, Hoefler S, Hoefler G et al. (1989) Genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity in disorders of peroxisoine biogenesis–a complementation study involving cell lines from 19 patients. Pediatr Res 26: 67–72

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Heikoop JC, Wanders RJA, Strijland A et al. (1992) Genetic and biochemical heterogeneity in patients with the rhizomelic form of chondrodysplasia punctata–a complementation study. Hum Genet 89: 439–444

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Braverman N, Steel G, Obie C et al. (1997) Human PEX7 encodes the peroxisomal PTSD receptor and is responsible for rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata. Nature Genet 15: 369–376

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2000 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Poll-The, B.T., Saudubray, JM. (2000). Peroxisomal Disorders. In: Fernandes, J., Saudubray, JM., Van den Berghe, G. (eds) Inborn Metabolic Diseases. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04285-4_37

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04285-4_37

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-662-04287-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-662-04285-4

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics