Abstract
The adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is sometimes associated with the onset of sustained pulmonary hypertension (Zapol and Snider 1977) and accompanying structural remodelling of the pulmonary arterial circulation — increased medial thickness of preacinar arteries, reduction in peripheral arterial bed and appearance of muscle in walls of normally nonmuscular intraacinar arteries (Snow et al. 1982; Meyrick 1986). Animal models of acute lung injury, e.g., repeated endotoxemia and thoracic irradiation (Meyrick and Brigham 1986; Perkett et al. 1986), confirm an association between acute lung injury and the onset of chronic pulmonary vascular disease but the trigger to its development is not known. Hypoxia and increased mural pressure have been suggested to contribute to the pathogenesis of this disease (Meyrick and Reid 1978; Poiani et al. 1990) and our recent data in sheep also suggests that chronic or repeated inflammation may also play a role (Meyrick et al. 1985, 1987; Perkett et al. 1986, 1988). Inflammation also occurs in the rat monocrotaline and hyperoxia models of pulmonary hypertension (Stenmark et al. 1985; Jones et al. 1984). Several clinical conditions support the idea that inflammation may be involved — chronic pulmonary hypertension may occur in association with chronic bronchitis and emphysema (Semmens and Reid 1974; Magee et al. 1988), cystic fibrosis (Ryland and Reid 1975), collagen vascular diseases, AIDS (Mette et al. 1991) and ARDS (Zapol and Snider 1977; Snow et al. 1982). Currently, there is no effective treatment for patients with chronic pulmonary hypertension.
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Keywords
- Pulmonary Hypertension
- Acute Lung Injury
- Pulmonary Artery Pressure
- Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome
- Mono Crotaline
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© 1993 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
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Perkett, E.A., Meyrick, B. (1993). Morphology of the Lung in Late Septic Shock. In: Schlag, G., Redl, H. (eds) Pathophysiology of Shock, Sepsis, and Organ Failure. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76736-4_48
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76736-4_48
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