Abstract
Instruments used for the assessment of symptoms of mental disorders have already received adequate attention and were, in fact, developed in Japan in the 1960s. In particular a rating scale for schizophrenic and behavioral symptoms [5] was devised for the first time in 1961 for the purpose of evaluating the efficacy of pharmacotherapy in this disorder. This became the impetus for the subsequent developing symptom rating scales for schizophrenia [13] and manic-depressive illness [1] in the field of pharmacopsychiatry. Later, in 1966, the Clinical Psychopharmacology Research Group (CPRG) rating scales of depression were formulated by the group with which the author collaborates and tested in terms of validity, reliability, and sensitivity [4]. Since then, these scales have been widely used, especially for assessing efficacy of almost all new antidepressant drugs evaluated in Japan such as clomipramine, protriptyline, amoxapine, sulpiride, viloxazine, dothiepine, nomifensine, dimetacrine, maprotyline, carbamazepine, and others. These results have been reported in more than 20 papers so far. At the same time the Japanese version of the Beck Depression Inventory as well as Hamilton’s Rating Scale for Depression have also been used in this country.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Akimoto, H., Kurihara, M., Fujiya, T., and Sasaki, K. 1964. The clinical evaluation of psychotropics and anticonvulsant-antidepressive drugs (in Japanese). Seishinigaku 6: 813–825.
Hamilton, M. 1960. A rating scale for depression. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry 23: 56–62.
Hiramatsu, K., Takahashi, R., Mori, A., Murasaki, M., Inoue, R., Kazamatsuri, H., and Sakuma, A. 1983. Comparison of clinical effects of zimelidine and imiparamine on depression using multi-center double blind technique (in Japanese). Seishinigaku 25: 1341–1350.
Ichimaru, S., Itoh, H., Kudo, T., Kurihara, M., Kawakita, Y., Sato, Y., Takahashi, R., Tanimukai, H., Asano, C., and Sakamoto, T. 1966. A double blind controlled study of antidepressants with CPRG rating scales. In: Fourth World Congress of Psychiatry. 1956–1961, no. 150. Excerpta Medica International Congress Series.
Kawaguchi, S. 1961. A study of chlorpromazine therapy in cases of chronically disturbed schizophrenics: A quantitative evaluation according to behavioral rating sheet (in Japanese). Tokyo Ikadaigaku Zasshi 19: 1559–1591.
Kawakita, Y. 1966. Significance and limitation of rating scale for assessment of efficacy of antidepressants. Psychiatrica Neurologica Japonica 68: 122.
Kudo, Y., 1974. Problems in developing clinical rating scales (in Japanese). Japanese Medical Journal 2612: 28–34.
Kurihara, M. 1975. Evaluation of antidepressant drug-technical problems of symptom rating scale and a survey on double blind trials of antidepressants (in Japanese). Clinical Evaluation 3: 3–17.
Kurihara, M., Sato, Y., Ichimaru, S., Itoh, H., Kawakita, Y., Kudo, Y., Takahashi, R., and Tanimukai, H. (CPRG). 1973. Further analysis of the double-blind controlled study on the clinical efficacy of four antidepressant drugs — imipramine, trimipramine, safrazine and amitriptyline. Clinical Evaluation 2(3): 147–165.
Kurihara, M., Itoh, H., Kawakita, Y., Kudo, Y., Sato, Y., Takahashi, R., and Tanimukai, H. (CPRG). 1972. A double-blind controlled study on the clinical efficacy of four antidepressant drugs — clomipramine, dimethacrine, nortriptyline and protriptyline (in Japanese). Clinical Evaluation 1: 1–25.
Murasaki, M., Takahashi, R., Kazamatsuri, H., Mori, A., Inoue, R., Okazaki, Y., Oguchi, T., Yamazumi, S., Yoshimoto, S., Hironaka, I., Takemura, M., Okazaki, K., Kasahara, H., Suzuki, M., Abe, T., Saito, E., Nakayasu, N., and Hiramatsu, K. 1982. Clinical evaluation of zimelidine, 5-HT. Uptake inhibiting antidepressant multiclinical study using RDC and Hamilton Rating Scale (in Japanese). Japanese Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 11: 1175–1187.
Sartorius, N., Davidian, H., Ernberg, G., Fenton, F. R., Fujii, I., Gastpar, M., Gulbinat, W., Jablensky, A., Kielholz, P., Lehmann, H. E., Naraghi, N., Shimizu, M., Shinfuku, N., and Takahashi, R., 1983. Depressive Disorders in Different Cultures, World Health Organization, Geneva.
Sato, Y., Nishimura, M., Kato, T., Takahashi, R., Kaneda, Y., Katada, A., Naruse, H., Kogi, M., and Kato, M. 1964. The clinical evaluation of psychotropics and anticonvulsants — schizophrenics (in Japanese). Seishinigaku 6: 827–837.
Takahashi, R, Sakuma, A., Hara, T., Kazamatsuri, H., Hori, A., Saito, Y., Murasaki, M., Oguchi, T., Sakurai, Y., Yuzuriha, T., Takemura, M., Kurokawa, H., and Kurita, H. 1979. Comparison of efficacy of amoxapine and imipramine in multiclinic double-blind study using the WHO schedule for a standard assessment of patients with depressive disorders. J. Int. Med. Res. 7:1.
Takahashi, R., Kurihara, M., Miura, S., Sakurai, S., Noguchi, T., Hasue, I., Suzuki, K., Jinbo, M., Hada, H., Fujiya, Y., Shigeta, M., Yabuki, A., Matsudaira, J., Masuda, Y., Itoh, H., Kamishima, K., Kabeshima, Y., Narita, S., Komiya, H., Shikano, T., and Kaizawa, S. 1983. Comparison of clinical effect on depression of dosulepin and amitriptyline using double-blind technique (in Japanese). Clinical Evaluation 11: 201–228.
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1986 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Takahashi, R. (1986). Instruments Used in the Assessment of Depression in Japan. In: Sartorius, N., Ban, T.A. (eds) Assessment of Depression. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70486-4_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70486-4_6
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-70488-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-70486-4
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive