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Störungen weiterer Hilfsmechanismen des Stoffwechsels und Stoffwechselkrankheiten

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Pathogenese

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Zusammenfassung

Vom epithelialen Lungenfeld, das unmittelbar kaudal des Schiunddarms auf der Ventralseite liegt, bildet sich zunächst durch Einsen-kung die sog. Lungen- oder Laryngotrachealrinne. Diese wächst in ventrokaudaler Richtung ins umgebende Mesenchym vor, teilt sich in zwei seitliche Ausbuchtungen und läßt so die primären Lungensäck-chen oder -bläschen entstehen. Während der sog. glandulären Phase der Aussprossung (4.–16. Woche der Kyematogenese) sind die Schläuche von einschichtigem kubischem bis niedrigzylindrischem Epithel ausgekleidet. Es folgt die sog. kanalikuläre Phase (16.–24. Woche), in deren Verlauf das Epithel der zentral gelegenen Tracheobronchialanlagen höher zylindrisch wird, während in der Peripherie die Epithelien eher flacher erscheinen. In dieser Phase erkennt man auch den Anfang der Knorpelbildung. Nach der 24. Woche beginnen sich die peripheren Kanalikuli zu erweitern (sakkuläre Phase). Die Alveolenbildung (alveoläre Phase) setzt erst kurze Zeit vor dem Termin ein und geht nach der Geburt weiter, um erst etwa im 8. Lebensjahr einen Abschluß zu finden. Im Verlauf der sog. Alveolation entstehen Pneumozyten II (kubisch) und I (flach). Die ersteren enthalten zur Zeit des Termins schon reichlich »Surfactant« (s. u.).

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  1. Pathologisches Institut der Universität, Freiburgstr. 30, CH-3010, Bern, Switzerland

    Professor Dr. Hans Cottier

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Cottier, H. (1980). Störungen weiterer Hilfsmechanismen des Stoffwechsels und Stoffwechselkrankheiten. In: Pathogenese. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-67213-2_10

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-67213-2_10

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